Where to put the gas boiler. Installation of exhaust and ventilation. Requirements for boilers for the installation of boilers on solid and liquid fuels.

Premises in which the gas boiler will operate are specified in SNiP 31-02-2001, DBN V.2.5-20-2001, SNiP II-35-76, SNiP 42-01-2002 and SP 41-104-2000 - these documents exclude or minimize any emergency. Premises for placing gas boilers fall under the classification of fire-hazardous and explosive, so when designing, planning, installing and setting up equipment for gas heating  all requirements for the installation room gas boiler  must be strictly observed.

General requirements for the installation of gas appliances

In a room intended for installation of a gas boiler, according to the above standards, there should be good natural light: at least 1.03 m3 should be at least 0.03 m 2 of the window aperture (but not windows - partitions, frames and imposts are not taken into account). Be sure to equip the room with a system of supply and exhaust ventilation according to the following rules: the total volume of direct and reverse air flows per hour, multiplied by 3, is equal to the volume of the entire exhaust device. In addition to the window equipped with a window, a door with an exit to the street is installed in the room. The table shows the requirements for the volume of the room:

Attention!

For units operating on gas and having a power of more than 6000 W, for each extra unit of power, 0.2 m3 should be added.

Supervisory requirements for the installation of a gas boiler stipulate - to operate any appliances for heating an apartment is allowed on each floor of a multi-storey building and in any room of the apartment. Under these requirements, kitchens in multi-storey houses are also suitable, since they are already equipped with appropriate communications. The only condition is the total thermal power  all appliances for heating water and heating the apartment (boilers, boilers, heating elements, heating radiators, batteries or registers) should not exceed 150 kW.

The area of ​​the furnace room depends on the capacity of the gas boiler.

Ceiling height in the room - 2 meters or more. The room in which the boiler is to be installed and operated on the gas must be separated from the adjacent rooms by the refractory walls. Material for walls or partitions should have a fire resistance limit of 0.75 hours (45 minutes). The room for the boiler should be designed so that in the event of a fire, there is no possibility for fire to spread through the apartment.

Attention!

Gas boilers of the brand TLO, operating according to the principle natural circulation  coolant, can be installed and should be operated only in the basement of the house or in the basement.

Installation of a gas wall boiler - kitchen requirements

1. Ceiling - 2 meters and above.
2. The total volume of the kitchen is more than 7.5 m 3, ventilation is installed, a window is installed and there is a door opening onto the balcony.
3. For air exchange it is necessary to equip a grate at the bottom of the wall or door, which goes to the next room, the area of ​​the grate is not less than 0.02 m 2.

To install a gas boiler in the kitchen, you may need a gas service permit.

If the kitchen in the apartment does not meet the requirements of SNiP, then the gas heating equipment can be installed and operated only with the permission of the gas supervision.

The existing rules for installing a gas boiler in a private house in many respects repeat the requirements for boilers that work in apartments of multi-storey houses. Differences are caused only by the fact that often in a private house for heating equipment is allocated a separate room or building, additional requirementslisted below.

Rules for installing a floor gas boiler

1. In the house under construction it is necessary to plan a separate room for the installation of a gas-fired boiler. The room should be with a natural flow of air through the grill in the door or through the hole in the wall.
2. A separate hole must be made for the supply and exhaust ventilation - it must be located under the ceiling.
3. A hole in the wall under the chimney, an opening below the chimney under the lawn chute (for cleaning the chimney), which is made 20-30 cm below the main chimney.
4. The chimney is made airtight to make smoke and carbon dioxide  did not get back into the room. For tightness inside a large chimney pipe a pipe of smaller diameter is installed, along which the products of gas combustion are discharged.
5. The premise intended for installation and operation of the gas boiler should be spacious and provide free access and operation, maintenance  and boiler repair. The floor in the furnace must be made of non-combustible materials - concrete screed, natural stone, pavers. The firebox must be connected to the water supply for the operation of the water heater, and is equipped with a sewage system.
6. The area under the boiler is 4 m 2, the ceiling height in the room is not less than 2.5 m 2.
7. The outer door should be 80 cm wide.
8. The upper part of the chimney must be above the roof. The section of the flue pipe must be larger than the diameter of the boiler outlet.
9. To supply power in the boiler room, an electrical panel with grounding must be installed.
10. The gas main is brought into the premises in advance. For each gas appliance a separate valve must be installed.
11. The walls of the boiler house are plastered - combustible materials (MDF, fiberboard, plastic) are strictly forbidden to decorate the walls.

It is forbidden to store flammable liquids and objects near the furnace room and in the room itself. The foundation under (the heating gas unit or the heating water heating unit) should not freeze in winter, so its depth should be below the freezing level of the ground in this region. Air from the vent should be clean, that is, the chimney should be located far from the vent. The room or building in which the gas boiler is installed can not be equipped for other purposes.

The rules for installing wall gas boilers in an apartment

Usually in the apartment a gas boiler is installed in the kitchen, since it already has a gas main, there is running water and sewerage. That is, a priori, all the requirements for installation gas equipment  already completed - it only remains to connect the boiler. This situation automatically reduces the cost of building engineering communications  and energy carriers. It is forbidden to install the boiler on gas in rooms in high humidity - in the bathroom, laundry, etc.

For wall boilers there are several additional requirements:

1. The wall or the partition for hanging the boiler must withstand it - it is impossible to suspend equipment on a gypsum board or other light partition.
2. If the wall is decorated with combustible materials (wallpaper, vinyl, plastic, MDF, fiberboard), a non-combustible material gasket 3 mm thick is installed between the wall and the wall. The boiler must be secured with special hardware, which provides a distance of at least 4-5 cm from the boiler body to the wall.
3. The minimum distance from the boiler to the ceiling and the walls of the room is 0.5 meters. The distance from the boiler to the floor is 0.8 meters.

Before installing and starting up gas equipment, you need to obtain all the relevant documents. The main condition when installing a boiler in a private house running on gas is firstly an agreement on the connection of the gas main, and also a draft of the installation of gas equipment and gasification of the house. These documents are developed and approved by the gas supplier in the region.

Installation of any gas boiler is a rather laborious and troublesome process. To fulfill it, you must comply with the established norms and standards for the installation of gas boilers of any type. Operation of such equipment is always a risk, therefore it is necessary to take into account certain rules and recommendations that will help to use the boiler safely and without disturbance.

Boiler room

Installation of a gas boiler in a private house, the requirements for which are very high, should be made only after the preparation of documentation and the performance of certain tasks.

Aspects of boiler installation:

• The contract, which indicates that there is a constant supply of gas to each individual developer.
• Project for the installation of equipment, which was agreed with a representative of the official local gas service. All the main documentation of this nature is developed by special institutions, which have an official license for such actions.
• The installation of the purchased boiler must be carried out by the masters of the installation organization.
• The engineer of the official gas organization of your district must by all means carefully and carefully check the quality of the gas boiler installation, its serviceability. At the end of the inspection, an official conclusion is drawn up.
• Each connection is checked for tightness created at the time of installation.
• A mandatory installation of the voltage regulator is made, the power source is checked for its uninterrupted operation.
• It is forbidden to add antifreeze to the already heated water, because it damages the sealing strong gaskets, and then leads to a leakage in the entire private heating system.

Boiler installation

The room

Installation of each gas boiler is allowed only on the first floor or in the basement. A suitable option would be the construction of an additional annex.

The room must be:

• Dimensions not less than 15 square meters are new requirements. Already built houses can allocate a room with a boiler at least 7.5 square meters. m.
• On one installed gas boiler must be allocated at least 4 square meters. m of the floor.
• The height of the ceiling must be at least 2.5 meters.
• The doorway is 0.9 meters wide.
• There must necessarily be at least one through glazed window.
• The boiler house design project should provide convenient approaches to the boiler itself.
• The walls of the room are made exclusively of fireproof material.
• The project also provides for an additional evacuation exit.
• It is forbidden to place doorways that lead straight to the living quarters. In an emergency situation, gas spreads very quickly, and the installation of any door is a small gap that will allow it to penetrate the rooms where the tenants of the house spend their time.

Important!  If all these rules are met, you can proceed with the direct installation of a gas-fired boiler. But in the course of the installation process, there are other requirements, non-observance of which entails certain consequences and irregularities in the operation of the boiler.

Boiler in the basement

Ventilation

Qualitative and well-considered ventilation of the room, where there is no process of accumulation of increased gas concentration, are those standards that are one of the fundamental during the installation of a gas boiler.

The requirement to install a wall gas boiler directly relates to the design of ventilation. Norms here are very high. Here the requirements that relate to the safety equipment itself, as well as to the physical characteristics of the installed gas boiler, are important. Uniform and high-grade air current makes it possible to ensure a continuous and uninterrupted operation of the entire system.

Organization of quality ventilation:

1. Do a ventilation shaft or a hood at a height of 25 cm from the ceiling of the room. The hole must be round, and its diameter is not less than one decimeter.
2. The open view of the hood is closed by means of a special grate or a valve. If finances are allowed, you can use different air floes that allow you to adjust the air flow and protect the fire from unwanted fading.
3. It will be better if a fan is installed on the hood, which will improve all the ventilation parameters.

Important!  If several gas boilers are fixed in the plans and in the project, each of them must have its own personal hood, so as not to violate the norms of equipment installation.

Ventilation

Chimney

If there is no turbulence in the boiler room, it is worthwhile to install a special chimney. The material for it, the diameter of the element depends directly on the type of boiler to which the installation is being carried out.

The simplest in terms of fire protection requirements and the installation of a quality chimney are modern gas boilers  condensation type.

If the selected boiler has an atmospheric burner, you will have to tinker a bit. The walls of the planned chimney from the inside are laid with refractory materials to prevent an unpleasant fire or the appearance of reverse thrust. To install the chimney it is recommended to use ceramic or asbestos-cement pipes, as well as high-quality steel.

  It also happens that the installation of a brick pipe is simply not economically profitable. Because you will have to buy it and a heat-resistant liner. Then it can be done differently: to carry out the installation of the insulated chimney, which consists of their enamelled or stainless steel and ordinary ceramics. The cost of such work is much less than the price for erecting a brick chimney.

In order for the chimney to work correctly and stably, it is necessary to provide a special cleaning in its lower part. You will need to drain the condensate, so a tube is installed.

The largest volume of excess liquid is emitted by the boiler, which is equipped with an atmospheric burner. When operating such equipment, it is very important to take into account air flows and proper ventilation, because the performance of these components directly determines how quickly and in what volumes oxygen is supplied.

If ventilation is not enough, there is an accumulation of harmful gas for the human body, as well as a violation of the stable and proper operation of the gas boiler. For each installed in the house of the boiler provides a personal chimney. This is the only way to ensure the correct and stable operation of the equipment.

In order for the gas boiler to function correctly, it is necessary to take into account the entire set of rules and standards that have been established by specialists of official services. Of course, the installation of the boiler can be done independently, but for this it is necessary to thoroughly understand all the information and installation schemes for this type of equipment.

Advice!  In detail, look into the gas supply system, since the violation of the smallest details leads to negative consequences.

The problem of the lack of hot water supply or central heating, as well as poor provision of these services, is successfully solved by the installation of gas boilers. For this, there are two types of boilers: one-circuit and two-circuit. A single-circuit gas boiler can provide only one process, for example, heating. Two-circuit - both processes: heating the room, and heating the water for domestic needs.

Not only is the installation of a gas boiler itself a very laborious and troublesome task, in order to produce it, it is necessary to observe certain standards for the installation of gas boilers. The operation of any gas appliances  always involves risks, which is why there are rules for fire safety.

Before installing the boiler in a private house, it is necessary to prepare some documents and perform certain actions. What will be required:

• Delivery contract natural gas  for an individual builder;
• The technical conditions and the design of the installation of gas equipment must be agreed with the local representative of the gas service. Project documentation is most often developed by specialized institutes with the appropriate license for this type of activity: gorgas, raygaz, oblgaz, mingaz, etc .;
• Installation of gas equipment must be carried out an assembly organization;
• The engineer of the regional or regional gas organization must come to the site and check the correctness of gas connection in the furnace and kitchen, their compliance with the requirements. If all the norms are met, it must issue an opinion on the basis of which it is possible to open the gas "valve" leading to the boiler;
• The heating system must be pressurized to P = 1.8 atm (see on the boiler manometer);
• Deaerate the heating system;
• Check all connections for leaks;
• It is necessary to install a voltage regulator for the boiler and preferably an uninterruptible power supply;
• Do not add antifreeze to the hot water. This can damage the gaskets and lead to leaks in the heating system.

Gas boilers should be installed using a special technology to ensure the safe operation of explosive units that, in case of leakage, release toxins

The room in which the boiler will be located must meet certain requirements. When installing a heating boiler in a private one-family house, a heating plant or, as it is also called, a boiler house, it is possible to equip on any floor, including a basement, a basement and even an attic or roof. Restrictions apply to living quarters, a bathroom and a toilet, they are forbidden to place a boiler in them.

To calculate the boiler room volume, the total heat capacity of the heating equipment, flow or DHW cylinders is taken into account.

Important! Please note, in the technical passport for gas equipment, the room with the boiler should be called a furnace or boiler room.

The table for the required boiler room volume is given below:

There are exceptions: if a heating boiler with a closed combustion chamber, the boiler room volume is not normalized, and the presence of a window with an outlet outside is not necessary.

For supply and discharge of air, it is necessary to ensure the inflow of the required volume. To ensure 23.3 kW of boiler power, 2.5 m 3 / h of gas must be burned. For complete combustion of this volume, 30 m 3 / h of air is necessary. If there is insufficient air, the gas does not burn completely, as a result, an extremely harmful substance is formed, the inhalation of which adversely affects human health. If you inhale it for 15 minutes, death occurs. Air should not only come from outside, but flow from other rooms in the house. This is ensured by the presence of a gap between the door and the floor and the hole with the grille in the doors.

Installation of the heating boiler on the floor is carried out at a distance of 10 cm from the wall, which must be of non-flammable material. If there are no walls of non-combustible materials, then it is possible to install a fireproof material protection.

Requirements for the installation of gas assemblies

Without observing certain requirements, the gas service will not give permission to connect the boiler to the mainline. But compliance with these requirements and norms is dictated not so much by bureaucracy as by bitter experience and fire safety. Restrictions are imposed not only on gas equipment and its installation, but also on the room in which the boiler will be located.

Normative requirements for the installation of a gas boiler

1. The area of ​​the room in which the boiler will be located must be at least 4 m 2, the ceilings should be above 2.5 m;
2. The width of the door leading to the room must be at least 80cm;
3. The boiler should be illuminated in a natural way through the window opening. For every 10 m 2 of the room there must be a minimum of 0.3 m 2 of the window;
4. Required good ventilation of the room, since the combustion of gas in the boiler is provided due to the influx of oxygen. The area of ​​the opening for the supply of external air must be 8 cm 2 for every 1 kW of boiler power;
5. Pipes of the gas pipeline must be made of metal only. Flexible sleeves can only be used to connect consumers;
6. The section of the chimney must correspond to the capacity of the boiler. If the boiler capacity is 30 kW, the diameter of the chimney must be 130 mm. If the boiler capacity is 40 kW, the diameter of the chimney is 170 mm;
7. It should not be allowed that the sectional area of ​​the chimney is smaller than the sectional area of ​​the chimney hole;
8. The upper end of the chimney must be placed above the roof ridge at a minimum of 0.5 m;
9. In the power supply system of the boiler there must be a special automatic device with adjusted current and thermal protection;
10. In the room where the boiler will be, there should be a gas analyzer that will warn about gas leakage, and an electric valve that cuts off the gas supply;
11. Gas equipment can be located in the basement of a single-family house. In multi-storey apartment buildings, the installation of gas heating boilers in the basement is prohibited.
12. Each device must be equipped with a gas meter;
13. Ventilation should be arranged at the top of the room.

More detailed information on all the requirements and standards can be found in the documents: SniPe II-35-76 "Boiler installations", Code of rules for the design of autonomous heating systems SP-41-104-2000.

Installation of a wall gas boiler is made in the event that the power requirements are not too high, and not much free space. Most often, such boilers are used for heating and heating water in multi-storey buildings. The precursor of a gas wall boiler is gas column, which provided the heating of water for domestic needs in the "Khrushchev".

Installation of wall gas boilers allows to equip an autonomous system of additional heating, even a house with central heating. It is necessary to have supplied gas, and the premises must meet the requirements and norms.

Gas units are installed in special rooms - furnace, having ventilation holes for the inflow air mass and removal of combustion products. Boilers are not demanding of an empty space and can be installed over another appliance, standing on the floor. You can install the wall boilers cascade. This is very convenient, if you need more power, turn on several boilers at once.

Several boilers in one furnace - a convenient option

Installation of the gas boiler is carried out at a distance of 20 cm from other gas appliances and flammable materials. Depending on the power and model of the boiler, the distance between it and the wall can be from 30 to 50 cm. It is undesirable to position the boiler in the opening between the walls or in the immediate vicinity of the window. The power supply must be close enough.

After the place under the boiler is selected and approved, it is necessary to check the purchased boiler for the complete set. In the box there should be an instruction, wall brackets, mounting template and mounting accessories. It is desirable to compare specificationsindicated on the package, with those indicated on the identification plate located on the inside of the front cover.

Before installing the boiler into place, it is necessary to flush all the boiler pipes and the whole system with water. This is necessary to remove foreign particles that could get inside the unit during the assembly process.

Planks, which will be attached to the boiler, nailed at a distance of 0.8-1.6 m from the floor.

Important! The wall should be vertically level and strong enough to support the weight of not only the boiler, but also associated equipment. If the wall is made of combustible material, it is possible to attach to it a gasket made of non-combustible material, the thickness of which must be at least 3 mm. In this case, the boiler must be fixed at a distance of 4.5 cm from the wall.

The boiler is fixed on the slats. Before connecting the boiler to the water pipes  it is necessary to remove the plugs installed on the corresponding nozzles.

To prevent clogging of the boiler heat exchanger at the water inlet, it is desirable to install a mesh angle filter. Ball valves are installed on both sides of the filter, this will facilitate further maintenance and repair.

Then you need to check if the boiler is hanging. Skewing to either side can lead to unpleasant consequences.

Connectivity gas pipes  to the boiler it is necessary to produce only metal pipe, a rigid connection, through an "American" or a special convoy. Use a paronit gasket is mandatory.

This completes the installation of the boiler. Direct connection of the gas boiler is carried out only by authorized persons after checking compliance with all requirements and norms.

Norms of the device chimney

The material for the chimney is selected depending on the fuel to be burnt and the type of boiler. For a gas boiler, the pipes must be cylindrical in shape and made of metal, preferably stainless steel. Such chimneys are the safest, durable and reliable.

The chimney is displayed above the ridge of the house. Be sure to install a hatch for cleaning the chimney. In order to ensure the convenience of collecting soot during cleaning, collection and drainage of condensate, an empty space is necessary under the chimney inlet.

When installing the chimney should be no more than three knees and turns. The pipe connecting the boiler and the chimney must be as short as possible, not more than 25 cm.

The vertical section at the outlet of the boiler must be at least two diameters. After this vertical segment, the pipe of the connecting section must necessarily rise upward with a slope toward the boiler.

Smoke removal in this case is carried out by natural draft through the chimney.

Following all the requirements and rules for installing gas boilers will ensure their efficient operation, durability and fire safety.

To obtain permission to install and replace a gas boiler, you will need to go through several stages of processing and agreeing documents. Even if the installation and placement of boiler equipment, without violations, in accordance with SNiP 2.04.08-87 and 42-01-2002, the registration will require material investment and time-consuming costs. To facilitate the registration process, knowledge of the main current standards will help.

What you need to install the boiler on gas

The first stage of the installation is the determination of the compliance of the premises with the minimum standards for the installation of boiler equipment.

When determining the admissibility of the boiler installation, the "Design standards, boiler plants" are taken into account in the updated version after 2015, with changes No. 1-9 (supplement No. 7, published in 2012, sets requirements for the construction of gas mini-boiler houses in a private residential building , industrial enterprises, household, public, administrative buildings).

There are several limitations:

• By type of premises - installation is allowed only in non-residential premises, fenced from the rest of the room and corridor, with a door. According to the prohibition of installation, but in normative documents  under the number, this indication is canceled.
• By area - as a rule, to obtain permission to install a heating boiler with an open combustion chamber, is more problematic. This is due to the peculiarities of the operation of boiler equipment that burns air in the room. It is considered standard to have an area of ​​at least 8 m², combined extract and input ventilation  and a window with a window.
  To install a turbo boiler, it is sufficient that the total volume of the room is not less than 9 m³. It is allowed to close the turbo boiler, with a decorative furniture facade.

If the premises meet the requirements specified in the building codes, they proceed to design and other documentation.

When obtaining permission to install boiler equipment, there is a need to install a gas meter. Although this requirement is not mandatory, the controlling authorities will not issue a permit to install the boiler without a meter.

What permissions are needed

Permission to use a gas boiler must be obtained from a controlling organization operating in the region. Usually, this is Gorgaz or Oblgaz. To complete all necessary documents, you will need to go through several stages of registration:

• TU for connection to the gas main - in the expansion it will be indicated that technical conditions  buildings and gas pipeline parameters, allow to connect boiler equipment.
  For the manufacture of TU, ​​it will take several weeks to a month. The document should contain the estimated amount of gas consumed. The issuance of technical specifications, in fact, is a permit for the development and production of the project.
• The gasification project can be performed by any specialized agency that has a license for the execution of works. In order not to face further problems, it is better that the specialist of Gore or Oblgaz become engaged in manufacturing. The documentation is produced within a period of a week to several months, depending on the workload of the specialist.
• Permission to install a gas boiler is issued after the documentation has been approved in Gorgaz. The following documents are submitted to the supervisory authority:
  1. The permit of Rostekhnadzor and other technical documentation for the installed boiler.
  2. Gas supply project and building plan.
  The approval is carried out within 3 months. If the issuer of the permit determines that the technical conditions or the project have been met with violations, the documentation will be returned to the consumer with a detailed description of the necessary adjustments and changes.

The issuance of the result of approvals is a permission to install a gas boiler in accordance with the existing project.

Is it okay to install by yourself?

In fact, the JV stipulates that installation work must be performed by a licensed and certified specialist. Few people know, but this rule applies only to work on connecting to the gas main. Connection of the boiler itself, you can do it yourself, subject to the availability of technical education.

When deciding to install a boiler independently or to attract specialists, consider several nuances:

• When installing a condensing boiler, it is necessary to connect the unit to the mains and connect the condensate removal system without disturbance.
• Carry out a number of approvals during installation. Additional chimney matching is required when installing a gas boiler. The check is carried out by a representative of the gas farm "stove". In the process of operation, such an audit will be conducted every year, before the heating season.
• A guarantee for self-installed gas equipment is not provided. Only when the connection is made by a representative of the company that sells the boiler, the document puts a stamp on the beginning of service.

After installation, the representative of the gas facilities must check the boiler's operation and fill in the commissioning documents.

How to replace the gas boiler with a new one

It would seem that it could be easier than replacing an already installed boiler with a new one. The design documentation has already been made, the specification is made. But, it's not so simple. The fact is that, according to existing requirements, the replacement is equated to the redevelopment of the premises and requires a re-negotiation.

Begin the process of re-registration from the application for replacement, filed in the gas distribution organization. For obtaining specifications, you will need to provide the following documents:

1. Documents certifying the ownership of the house and adjacent territory.
2. Passport.

After receiving the application, Gorgas will put the boiler in the turn-off queue. Further work is carried out in the following order:

1. Dismantling of the old boiler.
2. Receipt of technical specifications.
3. Making a new project.
4. Reconciliation of documentation and connection.

Replacement of the boiler is faster and does not require the same financial costs as when the gas boiler is connected first.

Is it possible to replace the boiler itself with gas

To replace the gas boiler independently, without applying to the controlling organizations, it is impossible and punishable by a fine. In practice, a large number of owners of private houses, still change the boiler equipment without agreement.

After the violations are identified, they simply pay a fine and pay for the production of a new project. Provided that the power of the thermal unit has not been changed in the larger direction, usually, coordination will not be required. To legalize a replacement is often easier than to issue all documents in accordance with the current legislation.

Is there a need for a new project when replacing a gas boiler

The project specifies the model, type and power of the heating unit. In addition, each boiler has its own serial number, specified in the technical passport and entered in the project documentation. Therefore, when replacing it will be necessary to make a new project with the indication of new data.

It is necessary to go through the following stages of registration again:

• Obtain technical specifications for the replacement of the gas boiler. At this stage, the gas distribution companies can change the capacity of the unit, based on the actual living space of the house.
• Make a new project.
• Obtain approval by providing the project of gas distribution, TU, results of inspection of the chimney channel.
• Replace the old unit with a new one.

When replacing the old gas boiler with a new one, the following documents are needed:

• Passport.
• Documents of the owner of a dwelling.
• Technical passport for gas equipment.
• Technical conditions.

Standard prices for the replacement of already installed gas equipment, equal to 1000-1500 rubles, depending on the region.

Is it possible to replace the gas boiler with an electric one

Replacement is quite possible, but for this you will have to obtain permission in another organization that is engaged in electricity supply. Documents are only needed if the electric boiler has a capacity of more than 8 kW. Prior to this capacity limit, the unit refers to conventional domestic hot water devices as boiler, therefore, it is installed without permits and approvals.

For productive electric boilers, a separate power supply line will be required. You need to make a project and get permission to increase the amount of electricity. Separately, we must write a statement about the gas boiler shutting off the mainline.

Are there any penalties for installing or replacing the boiler without permission

Installation of a boiler without permission is a strict violation of existing norms and is equated to the redevelopment of a dwelling. This omission is punishable, with penalties imposed after it has been revealed during a regular check by the gasmakers.

Rough violations lead to the shutdown of gas supply. After paying for the imposed penalties and correcting the identified remarks, it is allowed to re-commission the equipment.

According to existing standards, the installation of a gas boiler in the apartment apartment building, is possible. But, to obtain an official permit, it is necessary to go through several stages of registration and approvals, to choose a heat generator that meets the technical conditions of connection.

Is it possible to install a gas boiler in a block of flats

According to the current SNiP and JV, the installation of gas heating equipment in apartment house  It is possible, provided that the area of ​​the room used for the boiler room is sufficient, the smoke exhaust system technical requirements. The equipment can be installed only in non-residential premises: kitchen, living room.

Before installing the heat generator, it will be necessary to break the contract with the company supplying heat to the house. Unilaterally, the termination of the act is effected through the court. Disconnection from the central heating system means the simultaneous shutdown of the hot water supply.

When installing individual system  heating, the two-circuit gas heating boilers for the apartment are optimal. Boiler equipment  two-circuit type, simultaneously operates on heating the coolant and providing hot water.

Installation in apartment with central heating

The laws regulating the possibility of installing gas heating equipment in an apartment with central heating are specified in Federal Law No. 190 dated 27.08.2001. Additional instructions and requirements are given in ФЗ No. 83 of 13.02.2006. "Rules for determining and providing technical conditions for connecting a capital construction site to engineering and technical support networks".

To connect independent heating, you need to contact the Gaznadzor organization to obtain technical conditions for the reconstruction. The specifications are the actual permit for the commissioning of gas equipment. After this, the procedure for termination of the contract for central heating is underway.

The full procedure and a step-by-step action plan for obtaining a permit to install the boiler is specified in "Government Decision no.549 of August 21, 2008. "On the order of supply of gas for the provision of public utility needs of citizens."

Is it possible to use balloon gas

A gas boiler in an apartment for heating and water supply in multi-storey buildings may only be connected to a central gas pipeline. Gas-cylinder installations are allowed to be used in the following cases:

• The building is not higher than two floors in height.
• In one room there is at the same time not more than 1 cylinder with gas.
• Remoteness from the gas stove is not less than 0.5 m, heating devices, not less than 1 m. Optimum use of the screen between the gas cylinder installation and the heating surface of the domestic heating appliance.
• As a boiler room, only ventilated rooms are used. Connection to the boiler, perform a metallic corrugated sleeve.

Based on the above rules, the use of cylinders with liquefied gas, although allowed in multi-apartment buildings of small number of storeys, is inappropriate.

How to choose a double-circuit gas boiler in an apartment

  A single-circuit boiler, running on gas, is rarely installed in apartments with autonomous heating. There are several reasons for this. Single-boiler, "sharpened" for heating, often have a large excess capacity. To provide DHW, it is necessary to connect an additional boiler indirect heating, but the small dimensions of the apartment, limit the possibilities of installation.

Floor heat generators, often have excess capacity, therefore, their installation is not economically justified. For all these reasons, a wall-mounted double-circuit gas boiler for an apartment is an optimal and expedient solution.

When choosing a boiler, attention is drawn to several operating parameters:

1. Type of burner.
2. Power.
3. Brand manufacturer.

Additionally, pay attention to the presence of modifications internal device  and management. Two-circuit wall-mounted gas boilers for heating and hot water supply of the apartment, the latest generation, have weather-dependent control. In order to level the peak DHW loads, a built-in boiler is installed inside the casing. Modular burners smoothly change the performance, depending on the needs of the room in the heat.

Which boiler is best for an apartment - with a closed or open burner

Choosing a gas boiler for an apartment with individual heating, to a greater extent based on existing requirements and construction orders, than on the desire of the owners of housing. There are models of boiler equipment, with an open and closed combustion chamber:

• Atmospheric or convection boilers - during work, the air taken from the room is burned out. Not suitable for heating apartments in high-rise buildings. It is allowed to install in two-storey multi-apartment buildings, provided sufficient area of ​​the boiler room. Advantage, absolutely noiseless operation of the boiler.
• Boilers with a closed combustion chamber - this type includes turbines and condensing boilers. The intake of air and the withdrawal of combustion products is carried out forcibly, by means of fans or a turbine. Closed combustion chamber, has several significant advantages. To connect the boiler, you need a smoke exhaust system - a chimney.
  Boilers with a closed burner are connected through a coaxial pipe that is installed horizontally into the wall. Air intake is carried out directly from the street. Boilers closed type, can be installed in houses of any number of storeys, subject to the availability of technical conditions.

For an apartment, it is better to have a boiler with a closed combustion chamber. Condensing boilers, in addition to the heat produced by burning gas, additionally accumulate thermal energy, obtained from the purposeful condensate formation. The efficiency varies between 98-109%. Turbine boilers are also characterized by economy and high efficiency up to 96%.

The disadvantage of boilers with a closed combustion chamber is the noise from the fans accompanying their work. Modern models are equipped with soundproof casing, reducing the intensity of noise.

How to calculate the capacity of the apartment boiler

To translate the standard centralized heating of an apartment for heating from a gas boiler, it will be necessary to correctly calculate the capacity of the heater. Lack of capacity, will lead to the need for constant operation of the boiler at maximum load. Excessive power, will cause over-consumption of gas.

The minimum required power  boiler for hot water  and heating, is calculated as follows:

• The total volume of heated area is determined. Technical information  about the apartment, is in the house book or passport for the apartment. You can calculate the area yourself by multiplying the length by the width of each room, including the corridors and the hallway, and then adding all the results.
• Calculation of the heated area - for apartments with a ceiling height of 2.7 m, the formula is 1 kW = 10 m². For a standard two-room apartment of 50 m², according to calculations, a 5 kW heat generator is required.
• The power reserve is calculated - it will be enough for the apartment to choose a boiler with a higher capacity: by 10-15% for single-circuit options, by 25-30% for two-circuit ones.

Top gas boilers for heating an apartment

There is a kind of producer rating, compiled on the basis of several factors: consumer and market demand, popularity, reliability. According to statistics, the top places in the ranking are the products of European and of Russian manufacturers. The popularity of the Russian consumer is enjoyed by the products of German concerns.

Domestic buyer, when choosing a boiler, focuses on the following brands:

• Germany - Buderus, Viessmann, Vaillant, AEG.
• Italy - Baxi, Ferroli, Hydrosta, Ariston.
• Czech Republic - Protherm.
• Russia - Neva Lux, Oasis.
• Korea - Navien.

As practice shows, the Russian consumer, with the selection of a suitable boiler for residential heating, focuses on the price category. Thermotechnical characteristics are of secondary importance.

Prices for apartment gas boilers

The cheapest will cost Russian boilers. Acquire a suitable hinged model, you can approximately for 10-15 thousand rubles. The cost of installing the boiler in the apartment is also low and depends on the region. On average, it is necessary to focus on a price equal to 10-15% of the unit's prime cost.

The cost of a German heat generator with two circuits, starts from 25-30 thousand rubles. Condensing boilers, will cost around 50-80 thousand rubles. Their configuration and launch, will require an additional spend amount of 5-10 thousand rubles.

Requirements for the installation of a gas boiler in an apartment

In many regions of Russia, install a gas boiler in an apartment and give up central heating in an apartment building, a problematic and painstaking process. For registration, specific knowledge and understanding of existing laws will be required. The unauthorized installation will end with a serious fine, which will deal a significant blow to the family budget.

The installation standards are described in detail in. Before starting the processing of documents, it is necessary to study a phased plan for obtaining technical specifications and implementation of approvals. So, you can reduce the expense of funds and time, about a third.

What documents are needed for installation

Put a gas boiler in the apartment with the existing central heating can be, but this will require a strict step-by-step compliance with existing norms and laws:

• Obtaining technical specifications - an application for the installation of a gas boiler is written to the Gaznadzor authorities. If the technical conditions allow to install and maintain the heat generator, the TU is issued, which is the actual consent of the control body for the installation of gas equipment. If you do not get permission to install, all the further steps are meaningless.
• After obtaining the TU, a project of installation and arrangement of gas equipment is made. Any organization that has an appropriate license can execute the project documentation. It is optimal that the entire documentation involved representatives of the gas company, so you can speed up the process of obtaining the project.
• Representatives of the company servicing and checking the condition of the ventilation ducts and chimney are called. If the condition of the channels is normal and corresponds to the norms, the specialist called in gives permission to put the boiler into operation. If there are violations and deviations from the norms, an act is compiled with instructions that it is necessary to correct it.
• With all the permits and collected documents, the consumer applies for obtaining project approval and installing an individual gas boiler in a separate apartment in an apartment building. In a period of 1-3 months, Goggazadzor specialists carry out the installation coordination. If all documents meet the requirements, the final approval for installation is issued.
• An application is submitted to the Heating Network about the refusal of heat supply and hot water supply.

The order and installation rules do not change and require strict adherence.

Requirements for installation space

The room used for the boiler room in the apartment of a multi-storey building should correspond to fire and sanitary requirements. The basic norms requiring strict observance:

• Installation of the boiler is allowed in a non-residential area enclosed by a doorway. The installation bedroom is not suitable, the utility room, and in most cases,.
• Install the gas boiler and counter better in the kitchen. Usually, a gas pipeline is introduced into the apartment.
• The walls of the room and the ceiling are faced with non-combustible materials. For finishing fit ceramic tile, Gypsum board and plaster.
• The minimum dimensions of the boiler room for the installation of a boiler with a closed combustion chamber, not less than 4 m². To all important parts of the boiler, leave free access for maintenance and repair.

Chimney for a gas boiler in a block of flats

Installation of gas heaters is allowed only if there is an adequate smoke removal and ventilation system in the apartment. It is for this reason that the installation of a boiler with a closed combustion chamber, connected to a horizontal chimney, is the optimal solution. In some regions, there is no ban on the use of individual coaxial chimneys, which further facilitates the installation issue.

If a massive transition to autonomous heating is planned in an apartment building, the chimneys are unified from the boilers. The vertical coaxial tube, to which all the heating devices are connected.

To ensure the operation of the boiler in the boiler room, install supply and exhaust devices with a capacity of at least three times the air exchange of the room per hour. Forced ventilation, should be separate, not connected with other ventilation ducts  in the bathroom and toilet.

When installing gas heating equipment in a private house, the gas analyzer is not required and is installed at the request of the consumer. In an apartment, installing a gas sensor is a prerequisite for putting the boiler into operation.

Individual gas boiler - pros and cons

Installation of a double-circuit gas boiler in the apartment of an apartment building, when switching to autonomous heating, will require material costs, time and emotional forces. The process of refusing central heating is described in detail on paper.

As practice shows, representatives of the heating network are extremely reluctant to issue a permit to refuse heat supply and install their own heating system. Unwillingness to cooperate and all kinds of obstacles on the part of controlling bodies, the main disadvantage of an individual gas boiler.

There are a few negative points:

• Inability of apartments to install independent gas heating. We will have to go through several stages of coordination, financial investments will be required.
• The gas boiler must be earthed. In quality, you can not use the water pipe risers or zero in the electrical network.

All the disadvantages, basically, boil down to the complexity of obtaining permits and approvals, as well as installation works  and connectivity. The heating costs for the installation of a gas boiler are almost halved. The costs of reissuing documents, pay back already on the third heating season. At the same time, the consumer receives high-quality heat. Installation of autonomous heating, fully justified and economically viable.

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