What is the name of the water heater for the house. Characteristics of the heating elements used. Video - Timberk Watermaster water heater overview

During shutdown hot water   residents of urban apartments have to solve the issue of preparing hot water for household and hygienic needs.

Of course, you can warm buckets of water on a gas stove or pour cold water. But, you see, such a prospect will not please many people. Therefore, to solve this problem, it is better to install an electric water heater, which can provide you with a reserve of hot water.

In the previous publication, we talked about how, which water heater to choose - flow or cumulative?

If you do not want to pull the cable from the switchboard on the site to connect the flow heater, it is better to buy a water heater of capacitive type.

Let's talk today about choosing a capacitive heater - what they are by design and volume, what to look for when buying a heater in the store.

Let's see how the storage water heater is arranged to understand the principle of its operation.

The diagram of the water heater is shown in the figure below:

No figure indicates:
1 – electrical cable   to the electric heating element; 2 - a pipe of cold water supply to the heater; 3 - hot water outlet pipe; 4 - heating element (TEN); 5 - thermostat; 6 - magnesium anode; 7 - regulator of water heating temperature; 8 - the tank; 9 - thermal insulation; 10 - external coating of the water heater.

The video about the storage water heaters is presented below:

Characteristics of storage water heaters

Before choosing a water heater in a store, you should determine the main characteristics that suit your needs.

Let's look at the basic characteristics of water heaters of capacitive type.

Tank capacity

One of the most basic characteristics of a capacitive heater is the volume of its tank.

On sale it is possible to meet heaters of various volume from 30 to 500 liters.

For use in an apartment, water heaters with a capacity of 50 to 100 liters are usually purchased. On the choice of the required volume, read below.

Electric power

An equally important characteristic is the electric power heater. It is on its value will depend whether you can include it in a normal outlet or you have to lay a special electric cable from the shield on the landing to connect the water heater to the power grid.

Sockets in the apartment are designed to connect a load that does not exceed 2 kW. Therefore, be sure to specify the capacity of the heating element before buying a heater.

It should be remembered that the lower the electric power of the heater, the longer you have to wait for the next portion of water to warm up.

The time of heating the water to a certain temperature

This characteristic is directly dependent on the previous indicator. The more powerful the heater installed in the heater tank, the less time it will take to wait for the water to warm up.

The lower its power, the longer it will take to wait until you can use hot water.

Geometric parameters

Today in stores you can find capacitive water heaters of various shapes, which allows you to choose the device of the right volume for any design and for various layouts.

Water heaters are produced as a cylindrical shape, and flattened configuration, the so-called "slimy", which can be easily written into the interior of the bathroom.

The water heater can be placed above the toilet in a mixed bathroom or above washing machine. This arrangement will allow the most economical disposal of the available space in the bathroom.

Often, when the free space in the bathroom is severely restricted, the water heaters are carried to the kitchen. In this case, a small-capacity water heater can be mounted kitchen sinkso that it does not violate the general interior of the room.

Most often, vertical water heaters are purchased, which allow them to fit into the interior most organically.

Vertical water heater can be placed above the bathroom, washing machine, washbasin or above the toilet - that is, where the floor has already been installed.

Horizontal water heater

But sometimes it will be advisable to look at the purchase electric water heater   having a horizontal orientation.

The horizontal water heater can be mounted above the shower.

Flat storage water heaters

For a small city bathroom, water heaters of flat type (slim) are best.

Due to their small thickness, it is easier to organically place them in the bathroom than round barrels.

How much water heater should I choose?

The volume of the water heater should be chosen based on the number of family members and their needs.

If the heater will be used for washing hands before meals and for hygienic procedures in the morning and in the evening, then the minimum water heater (10-15 liters) is enough.

If, in addition, a shower or a small wash is assumed, of course, the volume should be larger.

It is considered that for one person it is enough to purchase a water heater with a volume of 30-50 liters. Such a water heater will allow not only to wash dishes or rinse your hands before eating, but also take a shower or arrange a small wash.

For a family of two people it will be enough to have a water heater with a tank capacity of 50-80 liters. This is enough to take a shower in turns or to get a bath.

For a family of 3 people (with a child) should focus on the capacity of the water heater 80-120 liters. The optimum volume is 100 liters. This is quite enough for parents to take a shower, and also to collect a bath for washing the baby.

If the family has more than three people, the storage electric water heater should be at least 100 liters (100 to 200 liters).

In general, to select the capacity of the water heater, you can focus on the table below:

Volume Selection Table storage water heater

Which storage water heater is better?

When choosing, you should first of all give preference to water heaters of well-known brands for a long time already presented in the market and well-proven ones.

Water Heaters Ariston, Electrolux, AEG, Bosh, Thermex, Stiebel, Gorenje   are very reliable in operation, have a high-quality assembly and a long service life.

Prices for capacitive water heaters

Prices for water heaters of capacitive type vary depending on the brand of the manufacturer and the volume of the tank.

Low-cost water heaters of small volume have the lowest price. So, water heaters Haier, Elsotherm, Atmor, Thermex   volume of 8-10 liters can be purchased for 2500-2900 rubles.

Water heaters with a tank from 15 to 30 liters will cost 3000-3500 rubles. for inexpensive models. Ariston   the same capacity will cost around 4300 rubles.

From 3800 rubles you can buy water heaters with a capacity of 50 liters, and 80-liter models will cost in the amount of 4090 rubles ( De Luxe W80V), 4290 р. ( Haier ES75-A1).

More expensive models can cost from 15-20 thousand rubles. up to 40 thousand rubles (Stiebel).

***
Now you know what to look for when choosing a storage electric water heater.

In the next article, let's talk about how to connect the storage water heater to the water pipe, and also consider the connection of the heater to the power grid.

Which water heater should I choose for your family's needs? In this issue, the main thing is to correctly calculate the volume of water, depending on the needs of all your household members. There is nothing good in waiting for the water to warm up enough for a shower after the recent washing of dishes. There is another unpleasant situation when the boiler pumps electricity without any need, warming the water, the stock of which you will not spend.

  Water, which is not used, holds the preset temperature for a long time. For a day it drops only 8-10 degrees. At the same time, the water heater continues to use a considerable amount of electricity. A sad picture, is not it?

This is the only reason for dissatisfied statements of the owners of water heaters. Well, maybe even bigger dimensions can be attributed to shortcomings. But the advantages and usability for the operation of storage electric water heaters is exactly greater!

Power of water heaters

It is necessary to determine which water heater to choose in terms of capacity, because the time for heating the water depends on this.

Water heaters are called cumulative because they heat water in the accumulation mode with moderate power of heating elements (from 1.2 to 6 kW).

Open or closed type?

Storage water heaters are divided into two types:

1. Open (non-pressure)
2. Closed (pressure).

Open water heaters are hung on the wall in close proximity to the tap with water. This type of water heater is not under the pressure of water in the system. The water in the tank retains the set temperature.

The flow of hot water occurs due to its displacement by cold water. When overheating, excess water is drained from the outlet fittings.

Water Heaters closed type   require a professional installation, because they are installed in the water supply system. Inside such water heaters, special fuses are installed to avoid exceeding the working pressure of water inside the system. To this type of device, you can connect any number of cranes. Store the water in the tank for a preset temperature for as long as you like.

Classification by size and capacity

• Devices of up to 100 liters are powered by a normal 220V network and have a power of no more than 2 kW.
• Water heaters with tank volumes up to 300 liters are not much larger in terms of space occupied, thanks to successful engineering developments. Power consumption is up to 6 kW.
• Especially powerful floor water heaters of 1000 liters are equipped with a special relay to use electricity at night at reduced rates.

Two popular types of water heaters used in the country:
  1. - inexpensive and very convenient.

2. Solar water heater. Ideal for places where there is no fuel (gas, electricity). There is a self-made, even from improvised means.

Which water heater company to choose?

To make it easier for you to determine the manufacturer, we give some important consumer estimates of their operation.

Termex   - one of the leaders in popularity. These water heaters are so in demand that sometimes they have to be specially ordered in the store, since they are not available. Produced in the city of Tosno, Leningrad region. Round body of nice gray color. Equipped with a power regulator - 1.3 or 2 kW.

Real   - narrow and high (1155 mm) heaters of the Russian plant in Izhevsk. Several inaccurate adjustment of the water heating temperature - fluctuations within 5-7 degrees.

Gorenje- water heaters produced in Slovenia are attractive for versatility in installation: both horizontal and vertical mounts are possible. The color scheme is white classical. Feature - the inner tank is made of black steel and covered with enamel. Allows you to precisely adjust the water heating temperature from 25 to 75 degrees.

Stibel Eltron   - recessed, floor and wall storage water heaters of high quality from the company with the world name STIEBEL ELTRON. The factories of this company operate in many countries. The subsidiary of the company also operates successfully in Russia. Water heaters Stiebel Eltron cost a lot of money, but they justify their price. These boilers are ideal for a large family. Power - up to 6 kW. The water heating temperature is adjustable from 7 to 85 degrees.

Ariston   - unpretentious, budgetary and in most cases completely reliable water heater, working regularly for years and even decades.

Halo   - a good Russian company, which provides the usual warranty of operating the tank for seven years.

OSO production of Norway - stainless reliable heaters, have the ability to connect directly to several sources of water. Guarantee period of operation of the water tank is 10 years. Not very popular in the Russian market. And, I must say, completely in vain.

Installation and fastening rules

1. Grounding is a prerequisite for the correct and safe installation of water heaters, because it is the grounding that ensures the proper functioning of the anti-corrosion anode. In addition, if a properly grounded water heater gets a discharge of electricity, for example, during a thunderstorm, it will not lead to damage or deterioration.

2. For storage water heaters with a capacity of more than 2 kW, special electrical wiring of sufficient capacity must be installed and with automatic shutdown. It is not recommended to connect even low-power heaters to an ordinary outlet.

3. For suspended water heaters, choose a load-bearing wall and attach them to powerful hooks. Floor boilers are installed in a safe distance from heating and heating devices.

Built-in storage water heaters should be installed by professionals.

One of the options for a storage water heater. All the selection criteria in one article.

And for a summer residence the flowing water heater will perfectly approach. To the address: all pluses and minuses.

Reviews to help you choose a storage water heater

In search of an answer to the question which storage water heater is best to choose, the feedback of the owners of such equipment will be very useful.

"... An authoritative looking consulting seller persuaded me for some reason not to take Ariston. As a result, now I have Thermex with a stainless bulb. Has been running smoothly for about two years now. The only minus detected - the chassis insulation is a little lame ... "

Anton, 37 years old.

"... So tired of turning off hot water in the summer. Announce for 2 weeks, but in reality not less than a month. To heat pan with horror is as unpleasant. We bought a boiler brand Ariston. I am happy like an elephant! ... "

Svetlana, Lyubertsy, 42 years old.

"... We have an OSO with a capacity of 300 liters. Works perfectly, enough for a big house, warranty service workers remind us about themselves on the phone once a year, but everything is fine ... "

Bogdan, 28 years old.

"... I have a Thermometer for 50 liters. Convenient, that is flat, not round. Simply arranged and reliable. I vote for this firm. I bought it as a reserve for the time when the hot water was turned off ... "

Valentin, Moscow, 31 years old.

"... We supplied the water heater Pro Eco 100v. The unit is excellent and very comfortable in itself in the care. All the components to the boiler can be bought in stores, so you can do everything without repairing the service or repair yourself.
  Two years later, the TEN flew. By the way - the hatch with the bracket is very convenient, in contrast to what I had before. I took off the hatch, scooped out a whole bucket of salt or lime - the water is tough. But the electrode was almost intact! But anyway - I went with this electrode to the store and bought everything - an electrode, a heater, a new stainless steel tank, and collected everything in a new way.
  I have not remembered a year. And the apparatus that stood before it, rotted in two years right in the center of the enamel tank. I do not remember the model, unfortunately. And electronics is also sold, and not so expensive ... "

Vasily Pavlovich, Saratov, retired.

"... Water heater Ariston for dacha. For this purpose in 2008 Eureka was bought - the optimal variant for a summer residence.
  Firstly - the water heater is small, light, easy to install, can be transported in the trunk of the car.
  Second - the tank of plastic is eternal, the quality of water does not affect it. Of course, there is no additional protection for the TEN, but it is easier to maintain.
  And the third - Ariston Eureka is completed immediately with a shower or a faucet-mixer. I recommend to all…"

Natalia Borisovna, 45, the city of Zelenodolsk.

"... For several months now we have been living with a water heater ABS PLT ECO 50 V Slim. This model was chosen because of the size - it was necessary that the boiler fit into a narrow niche. We looked at the sites of manufacturing companies, settled on this model. We chose an electric storage water heater with a capacity of only 50 liters, but the price is also suitable.
  And now, after a few months of use, you can confidently say: Ariston is an excellent device. Management is simple and straightforward, it heats quickly. The kitchen fit perfectly - first planned to close this niche with a boiler, but then saw that everything was neat and beautiful, and changed their mind ... "

Mikhail Semyonov, Vladimir.

Now you have the necessary information about which storage water heater is best to choose for the uninterrupted supply of your home with hot water. We sincerely wish you a successful acquisition!

If in apartment house often turn off hot water, it is worth buying a device for its uninterrupted supply. How to choose a water heater for an apartment or a house of your own taking into account the needs of the family? For this, it is necessary to take into account many characteristics on which the equipment life depends. It should be chosen taking into account the free space in the bathroom or kitchen. In the apartment this issue is especially relevant.

The service life of the device for heating directly depends on the material from which it is made. If the heating elements and anodes are still to be replaced, the corrosion on the housing will ruin the device permanently without the possibility of recovery. If the hinged heating unit falls from the fixtures, it will also lead to failure due to poor quality materials used in the manufacture.

On sale there are various different variants   metal cases with various types of internal coatings. You can choose an acceptable option for a relatively small amount of money, but it is worth giving preference to well-known manufacturers who value their reputation. In this case, the probability of failure of the device due to poor quality of the raw materials is minimized.

Enamel coating - a favorite of the market

Enamel and its variations are the most popular coatings for the case of devices that heat water (predominantly storage type). It perfectly protects the steel base from contact with water and the origin of foci of rust.

However, enamel without the addition of other components is fragile and can peel from the walls of the container. Most often the coating does not stand the excess temperature conditions. In this case, cracks are formed.

Cracked enamel reveals metal, which is exposed to water. This leads to corrosion, which in a short time will make it impossible to further operate the device

To prevent the processes of cracking and destruction of the protective shell with subsequent corrode corrosion, titanium or cobalt is added to the enamel. These metals increase the strength and extend the life of the water heater. If the heater housing is covered with enamel protection (especially the joints), then the steel case will not give way to stainless coatings.

Super Stainless Steel

One of the most practical materials for the water heater enclosure is stainless steel. It has a number of key advantages over any enameled coating. Heat resistance is the first of these. If it happens that the boiler is plugged into the socket without first filling it with water, the housing will not suffer. Only the heating element will burn out, which can be replaced and continue operation of the device.

The second advantage of stainless steel is its resistance to mechanical influences. In case of accidental impact or fall, the body and its technical filling will not suffer damage. In extreme cases, light dents can be straightened in the workshop.

If the joints are welded using corrosion-resistant metals, as is the case with some Scandinavian manufacturers, the service life will be many times higher than the warranty.

In poor-quality models of boilers, the weak point is welding seams. They are not resistant to corrosion. In addition, it is not known for certain whether the type of stainless steel is safe. In order to reduce the cost of the composition can add heavy metals that cause poisoning

Some manufacturers cover stainless steel with silver plating. This is an advertising move based on the bactericidal property of this non-ferrous metal. The water in the boiler heats up enough to kill the pathogenic microflora, so there is no point in overpaying for silver spraying.

Innovative glass ceramics and biocrystalline porcelain

Glass ceramics differs from enamel in that it reduces the thermal conductivity of the container. A water heater treated with this material will not radiate heat, which means that the water in it will cool slowly. This reduces power consumption. The disadvantage of the coating is the sensitivity to point mechanical action.

Despite the high thermal insulation properties, the glass-ceramic coated boilers are provided with a sheath. It also serves as a protection against falls (+)

Bio-glass ceramics or biocrystalline porcelain are a rather expensive material that is not used in budget models. Unlike enamel and glass ceramics does not contain toxic substances that harm the human body, and is completely biologically safe. It does not interact with moisture, but is also resistant to temperatures from 60 to 70 degrees Celsius.

Overview of water heaters

The heating method is an important characteristic of the device. The heater can be in direct interaction with water, or be protected from it by a metal element. You need to choose based on financial possibilities. Boilers with a non-contact heating element are more expensive than with contact ones.

Wet Heating Element

If the water that enters the house has good sanitary and epidemiological indicators, it does not contain a fine suspension of old metal pipes, it is possible to save and purchase a water heater with a wet type heating element.

Additionally, it is necessary to hedge, if the water contains a high content of mineral salts (as is often the case in private country houses), and install the filter. The need for a filter is determined simply if there is often scale in the electric kettle, then the content of salts in the water is increased.

If the filter is neglected, then after 5-6 years of operation a scum will appear inside the boiler, and a dirty sediment will form in the tank. Over time, the device completely exits the working state

In addition, with such a breakdown, replacing the wet heating element will require additional costs and time. In models of different manufacturers, heating elements that differ in size and power are installed. The necessary details will have to wait, as they are not always available.

Dry heating element

If the financial resources allow, it is better not to save and buy a boiler with a dry type water-heating element. It is also necessary to choose an aggregate with a tank of wear-resistant material, otherwise there is a risk that the boiler will fail due to the depressurization of the enclosure, and this will inevitably lead to the purchase of a new device (even if the TEN is in good condition).

The heating element is protected from water by a metal case that fits snugly against it. The air interlayer does not exceed 1-2 mm. This does not lead to a significant increase in power consumption and maintenance costs

Another advantage is the ease of replacing the dry heating element. It can be performed independently without resorting to the services of specialists. The disadvantages include the fact that the use of this element makes the device more expensive by 15% -20%, but in the long term it pays off and even allows you to save on repairs.

Heating control system

All models of water heaters are equipped with a sensor that allows obtaining reliable values ​​about the degree of water heating. In the event that it is noticed that the boiler began to heat the water longer than prescribed, it will give a signal to replace the heating element. In addition to the sensor, the instruments are often equipped with a thermostat. They allow you to control the heating. This is done to save electricity.

Simple mechanical temperature controller

In the budget models, an ordinary switch is installed, which can be made in the form of a circular regulator or buttons. With its help, you can change the heating from 60 degrees to 30. It is impossible to set the exact temperature value, it will be observed with an error of several degrees.

As a rule, these mechanical regulators are interchangeable, it is often possible to choose an analogue in the event of a breakdown. Their replacement is simple and does not require the help of service specialists. On this their dignities end.

Automatic thermostat with advanced functions

Such boilers are equipped with additional capabilities, among which programming for a certain period of on or off. It is possible to set the required heating temperature with high accuracy.

The disadvantages of these models include the complexity of repair, in the event of failure of electronics. If the water heater is manufactured by a little-known company, there is always a difficulty with ordering parts and microcircuits

If the company leaves the market, the spare parts will be impossible to get. A minor breakdown in electronics can lead to the need to buy a new device. It is worth giving preference to proven manufacturers.

Principle of operation and comparison of performance

In addition to the housing material, the heating element and the thermostat, there are significant differences in the device and the principle of operation of the water heaters. They can use gas or electricity for heating.

Gas water heaters are more expensive, they are cheaper to operate, but can not be used in an apartment. Their purpose is to provide hot water to private country houses. Electric, respectively, are cheaper, but expensive. They can be used in an apartment. Now more about everyone.

Electric flow-through water heaters

The principle of their work is to heat water, which flows through the TEN continuously. In the device of these models, the material that was used to make the container does not play a leading role. Their advantage lies in the continuous supply of hot water, for the reason that it is not necessary to wait long for its heating. You can get unlimited volume.

The main disadvantage of these water heaters is high energy consumption. With prolonged use, they create an increased load on the wiring. The old wiring will not withstand such loads, especially if other domestic appliances are included in addition to the water heater

Another disadvantage of their device is heating only for one point of water supply. The one to which he is directly connected. If the device is connected to a shower or bath, then the hot water supply will only be to them. It is extremely unprofitable to use two flow-through water heaters in terms of electricity bills. This option is suitable only for apartments where seasonal breaks occur occasionally with hot water supply.

Cumulative electric water heaters

The principle of the boilers is to heat a certain amount of water, and maintain its temperature. The maximum power consumption is fixed when filling with cold water, because the body of the water heater has a thermos design.

There are different versions of the shape of the body of the device. It can be cylindrical, rectangular and round. The shape of the tank does not affect the production characteristics

In addition to the form, the boilers are divided into horizontally oriented and vertically oriented. This diversity is due to the popularity of these water heaters, which can be placed in any room, kitchen, bathroom or toilet. The form is determined solely by the available free space.

An essential characteristic of the device is the volume of the tank. The most popular water heaters with displacement:

• 30 cu. liters;
• 50 cu. liters;
• 80 cu. liters;
• 100 cu. liters;

The size is determined by the number of people who live in a house or apartment. If the number of people is higher than what the boiler is designed for, it will take a long time for the water to warm up to an acceptable temperature.

Use boilers in suburban homes, where more than 5 people live inconveniently. It is better to choose another variant of heating the water, it heats up too long

When choosing a hinged boiler, it is important to check the reliability of the fixing method. Fasteners must be made of high quality steel. This is necessary for secure fixation on the supporting wall. In some cases it is better to choose a floor water heater if the partitions can not withstand the weight of the appliance filled with water. A floor boiler is safer, so families with children should choose similar models.

Gas flow-through water heaters

If a country house is heated with gas, then it is better to stop the choice of gas water heaters, since they are cheaper to operate. The most popular type of gas water heater is a flow type. It has all the advantages of an electrical analog, but does not create a significant load on the wiring for wiring.

Unlike an electric water heater, several points of hot water can be connected to the gas unit.

The drawbacks of this type of water heaters include the need to conduct vent pipe. The principle of heating is based on combustion natural gas, which is impossible in the absence of supply of oxygen and removal of combustion products.

Another disadvantage is the tracking of the state of the device. Devices are sensitive to fluctuations in pressure in the source of natural gas

Gas columns differ in the ignition method. Since the equipment is a source of increased danger, it has a built-in function to automatically shut off the gas supply if a return draft is produced in the chimney and the wick is extinguished. There are gas columns that require the supply of a spark, by pressing the button, and there are models where this happens in an automated mode.

Double-circuit gas boiler

Which water heater to choose for installation in a country house, if it does not yet have heating, but is there a gas inlet? In this case, the best solution is a two-circuit gas boiler.

This is a complex device that solves two problems at once in a country house:

1. Heating of the living room.
2. Heating water for domestic needs.

This is a great way to save money, because the purchase of a dual-circuit boiler is cheaper than the total cost of a boiler with a solid fuel boiler.

The main advantage of this device is that its operation does not require a separate room. It can be located anywhere in the house where it is possible to remove the ventilation pipe

Boilers can be wall-mounted and floor-standing, this depends on their size. In country houses with a large area you need to install floor, as they are able to completely solve the problem with heating large rooms.

Video about the features of the choice of water heaters

In the video narrated general principle   selection of the boiler:

Practical tips for choosing a water heater:

Video on how to choose a gas flow-through water heater:

Choose a water heater based on personal needs. If the apartment is gas, then it is better to buy gas column. It will fully meet the need for hot water in an uninterrupted mode, unlike electrical analogs. If there is no gas in a private house or apartment, it is worthwhile to stop the choice on electric storage water heaters, as they are more productive than flowing water heaters.

When you do not want to sit without hot water, the ideal option is a storage water heater. There are at least 4 reasons for this:

low power consumption   (from 0,5 to 6 kW) - the electric power consumption (if you chose the electric model) in comparison with the "protractors" is several times smaller, and, consequently, the payment for electricity will not drive you into depression;

connection to a standard outlet   - you do not need to make a separate line (lay the cable) specifically for your water heater;

possibility of servicing 2-3 water intake points at once, even with a large water consumption - in the morning all members of the family will be able to simultaneously shower, wash dishes, etc., without problems.

always available double water reserve   - Suppose you have a tank of 150 liters. Diluting it cold, you will get 300 liters of warm.

However, the cumulative models also differ in different parameters, from the type of energy to the location options. Do you know which one is right for you?

Gas storage water heaters: the device and the principle of operation

  How is the gas storage water heater

Despite the fact that such water heaters work on the cheapest fuel, they are not very common in our country, and, incidentally, in vain. Let's look more closely in their design.

They represent a thermally insulated tank   with a pipe inside. On it from atmospheric burner   the combustion products of the gas move by heating the water around the pipe. Inside also there is magnesium anode, which reduces the risk of corrosion of the tank, thereby prolonging its service life, and exhaust hood   - does not allow products of burning to get back into the room. Do not forget about unit management system, as well as on automatic protection system, which immediately stops the supply of gas in the event of any malfunction or error. Thermostat   - maintains the user-set liquid temperature.

How does a gas storage water heater work? Everything is extremely simple: when you open a tap with hot water, you are served with a liquid that has been heated in advance. In its place at the bottom of the tank immediately fed cold water. The thermostat located there fixes the temperature drop and gives a signal to the burner that it is necessary to turn on and heat the water.

Advantages of gas storage water heaters

•   The operation of the storage gas mode does not depend on water pressure   in the aqueduct and gas pressure   in the gas pipeline. It will work even at minimal values, which can not but please residents of the last floors in high-rise buildings, whose water pressure often leaves much to be desired.
• High reliability   - As can be seen, the design is very simple (the burner is activated from the thermostat signals). There are no additional coolants and complicating elements, which means that the risk of breakage is low.
• Resistance to the formation of scale   - this is their advantage over running models, which fail most often for this reason.
• Rapid heating of water   - Yes, yes, gas storage models heat water several times faster than their electrical counterparts. For comparison: the gas model will heat 150 liters of water per hour, and the electrical analogue - for 3-4 hours.

Disadvantages of gas storage water heaters

• High price   - this is the first thing buyers pay attention to. But believe me - it is more than offset by the low price of gas.
• Installation difficulties   - for these devices, a special chimney will be required to drain the gas combustion products. In addition, as with any gas appliance, you will need to conduct a large number of approvals and get permission to install it.

What are the gas storage devices?

Their main division is the type of traction, that is, the device of the chimney.

• Models with forced draft   - these are the easiest to install, since they can be connected to an ordinary short chimney, which is laid through a wall and removes gases directly to the street. Such devices do not need additional air supply to maintain combustion. However, the cost of such an order of magnitude higher than with the natural.
• Models with natural draft - they are connected to a bulky chimney, which is exactly where the installation difficulties arise. But it is worth remembering that they are much cheaper than devices with forced draft.

How are electrical storage water heaters

  Storage water heater device

This type of water heater consists of the following elements: tank with thermal insulation, a magnesium anode, a thermostat, a heating element (heating element), a safety valve (to remove excess water from the system), and a control system.

The principle of their operation is identical to gas, except that the heating of water is carried out with the help of TEN, and not the burner.

You can learn more about the selection of the storage water heater from this video:

How to calculatethe required volume of the storage water heater

Surely it is not a secret for you that the volume of water heater you need depends on the number of people who will use it, as well as on the goals for which you acquire it. Of course, for the correct calculation it is necessary to take into account all the factors!

So, all possible options   are shown in the picture. Choose the one that suits you:

  How to determine the volume of a boiler

•   For 1 day one person spends 10 liters of water and this is the minimum value! For a comfortable life it will take 50 liters. That is, if you live in splendid solitude, then a boiler for 50 liters is enough for washing your dishes, hands, showering and doing business.
•   For 2 people already 50 liters of water per day - this is the minimum, but optimally you need 80 liters.
•   For a young family with a small child, the "living wage" will be 80 liters, and a comfortable one - 100 liters or more. This is enough with a vengeance on all hygienic procedures, household, as well as cooking, etc.
•   If your family consists of 4 people - 2 adults and 2 children, the consumption of course increases. Its minimum value is already 100 liters, and maximum - 120 liters. So you can easily bathe two children, wash yourself, wash your hands and dishes, and prepare food.
•   For a large family of 5 people (2 adults, 3 children), an optimum boiler will be 150 liters (minimum 120 liters).

What is the internal coating of the tank?

It protects the steel tank of the unit from early corrosion, and, therefore, from premature boiler failure. To date, several types of coating material are distinguished, each of which has its advantages and disadvantages.

• Glass Porcelain   or enamel   - storage water heaters with such coating differ affordable price   and perfectly cope with their task - protection against rust. However, they have one significant minus, which calls into question the choice of such models. These materials very sensitive to sudden temperature changes   and quickly destroyed. And you yourself understand that such swings in the water heater are simply unavoidable. There is a little secret for prolonging their working capacity: do not put the heating temperature above 60 ° C. However, you still have to periodically set the maximum temperature of hot water to destroy the bacteria that very quickly breed inside the tank with water. It is these periodic boiling and will cause the tank to fail. Conclusion   - such boilers are good, but do not expect them long service. In most cases guarantee   manufacturer on them - total 1 year.
• Titanium coating   - this material is much stronger than the previous ones. The guarantee for it already is not 1 year, but 7-10 years old!! Agree, there is a significant difference. disadvantagesThe Achilles' heel of such aggregates is welded seams. Welding initially destroys this coating and after 7-10 years the seams will be rusted and allowed to flow. Well, of course, a fairly high price, which is an order of magnitude higher than other options.
• Stainless steel – optimal material   for the storage tank water tank. An additional protection against corrosion is provided by the magnesium anode, which is sufficient to change once a year.

The biggest guarantee is given on the tank of the water heater (from 1 to 10 years - depending on the material). On internal electrical nodes it is much less - 1-2 years, depending on the company. Be sure to check out this information before purchasing!

The form and method of placing the storage water heater

The main separation of storage devices is horizontal   and vertical. It is best to choose the latter, since they are the most reliable and easy to install. Horizontal gain, if vertical is nowhere to place.

In the place of installation, floor   (more often installed in private homes) and wall-mounted   (mounted in apartments).

Built-in water heaters - a trend in recent years. They will be your salvation, if you want to hide this equipment from outside eyes, so as not to disturb the aesthetics of the interior.

There are flat, round   and square water heaters. Many prefer flat, as they slightly protrude above the surface, where they are mounted and occupy less space. However, the leader of sales are round - as studies have shown, such water heaters best retain the heat of heated water.

How to determine the capacity of the storage water heater

It's no secret that it directly depends on the volume of the tank, but affects the heating time. In order for you to represent what is at stake, give you an example: an electric model of 150 liters and a capacity of 2.5-3 kW will heat the entire volume of water to 65 ° C for 3-4 hours! As we have already said, a gas water heater will do the same job 3 times faster.

Many manufacturers equip their models not with 1, but with 2 TENs. This is very convenient, since it allows you to operate the device in an economical mode (when one heater is on). In addition, if you break one of the elements, you will have one worker left.

You can choose a device more powerful, so that the water is heated faster, but then it will significantly increase the power consumption.

In the article, we examined the most important nuances   selection of the storage water heater. Therefore, when you come to the store to buy, you will be fully armed and exactly buy the model you want.

Boilers in modern apartments   and houses began to be used as the main source for obtaining hot water where there is no central hot water supply, and as a backup one where centralized hot water supply periodically causes problems. The main niche in solving this problem is occupied by storage electric water heaters.

WATER HEATER - How to choose the right one

When buying a water heater, the first question arises: what volume of boiler should be purchased, so that hot water is always enough? If hot water is used only for washing dishes, then a tank of 10-15 liters will be enough.   But in most cases there is a need to use hot water for taking a shower, and many want to take a bath.

The volume of baths in our apartments is approximately 165 - 185 liters.   But considering that pouring water into the tub, we dilute it, then to fill the tub it is enough to have a tank of 100-120 liters of water, which can be heated to 80 degrees Celsius. Therefore, a capacity of 100 liters can be advised to a family of 3 or more people to fully provide hot water.

General information

Virtually all water heaters of the boiler type are accumulation tank, in the lower part of which there is a heating element - TEN. To prevent heat loss, the tank is protected from the outside by a heat-insulating layer of polyurethane foam and a decorative casing. All water heaters are equipped with a thermostat to control the water temperature, as well as valves to relieve excess pressure. Boilers are connected to the existing cold water supply system and operate under pressure.

Modern advanced brands of water heaters are electronically controlled, have one or two thermocouples, are equipped with antibacterial protection. The internal surface of the boiler tank can be covered with high-quality enamel, thin layer of titanium, a layer of stainless steel or glass ceramics.

To prevent premature corrosion, all modern water heaters are equipped with a magnesium anode. All boilers are equipped with thermometers different designs. have two types of fastening to the walls - vertical and horizontal.

The principle of the water heater is as follows:   The boiler is connected to the mixer, while the hot water is being analyzed, the temperature in the boiler decreases and the heater is switched on. After heating the water in the tank to the set temperature, the thermostat turns off the heater, and the thermal insulation prevents the cooling of the water.

Power

Storage water heaters using electricity to heat water, in the design have one or two TENA of different power:

• With a tank volume of up to 15 liters   - 1 heating element with a power of 1 kW
• At a volume of 30-50l   - 1 heating element with a power of 1.5 kW
• At a volume of 80-100 liters and more   - 1 heating element with a power of 2 kW or 2.5 kW

The heater in the classical version is made in the form of a copper tube, bent in different boilers differently, inside the tube there is a nichrome thread along which the current flows. This is the so-called "wet" TEN. The water in this case heats up, in contact with the copper tube.

In the process of operation, scale is formed due to the hardness of the water on the surface of the thermocouple and on the inner surface of the tank. Therefore, in order to avoid premature failure of the heating element, periodically once a year, it is necessary to clean both the inner surface of the tank and TEN.

In the past few years, water heaters with so-called "dry" heating elements have appeared on the market. This is a heater, enclosed in a protective tube - a flask, and not directly in contact with water. Heating in this case occurs by contacting the surface of the tube with water. It is worth saying that this scheme   is more durable and safer, but at the same time more expensive.

In modern expensive models of firms Ariston, Gorenje   two heating elements are installed, usually with a capacity of 2.5 kW and 1 kW, which allows heating the water much faster if there is an urgent need for hot water. After this, one heating element is turned off, according to the program programmed.

Scope

Water tank capacity – one of the main parameters that must be correctly calculated when buying.   All the leading companies that produce water heaters produce boilers with tank volumes, in a fairly wide range - from 10l to 200l. Therefore, to purchase a water heater with a tank of the required volume is a simple task.

The only thing is to determine the place of installation of the water heater so that it fits well into the interior. Thus it is necessary to choose the capacity of the tank as much as possible to always have a reserve of hot water.

• Ariston is represented by water heaters of the following volumes   - 30, 50, 80, 100 liters;
• Company Gorenje   - 10, 15, 30, 50, 80, 100, 120, 150, 200 liters.
• Company Electrolux   - 30, 50, 80, 100, 150, 200 liters;
• Atlantic Company   - 10, 15, 30, 50, 75, 80, 100, 200, 300 liters.

Mounting type

All storage water heaters of different firms have the form of a cylinder, i.e. are of the form of a rectangular parallelepiped. Virtually all of them are mounted on the wall both vertically and horizontally. In this case, the boilers are equipped with special mounting brackets – two or three. These brackets cling to dowels or studs, which are fixed in the wall.

If the wall to which the boiler is attached is internal (not load-bearing), then it is better to install a through pin for greater reliability, since the weight of the boiler is 20-26 kg plus the weight of water is 100 kg.

Control

All water heaters, even the cheapest, are equipped with temperature controllers, thermostats for automatic switching on and off of the heating element.

And expensive devices are equipped with modern electronic control based on a powerful processor that allows not only to maintain the required temperature, but also to disinfect water, remember the individual graph of the user of hot water, if necessary, include two heaters for rapid heating. All indicators are displayed on the touch screen, by touching which you can make changes to the program.

A vivid example of such a technique is a water heater AristonAbsVELISINOXPW.Companies such as Gorenje, Electrolux, Bosch also produce samples with electronic control.

Which storage water heater is best for an apartment / house?

Storage water heaters are installed in both urban apartments and private houses. Moreover, permission to install and connect this device is not required. Therefore, there is not much difference between the installation of a water heater in a house or apartment. The only condition, the need for good electrical wiring and cold water supply.

For an apartment, the boiler's overall dimensions are more important because the bathroom and kitchen are mostly small in size. Therefore, the boiler for the apartment is selected in the volume of 80-100 liters. In a private house, it is possible, if possible, to install a boiler of any volume, at least 200 liters, while always being hot water.

Cons and Pros of Trademarks

At the household appliances market, storage water heaters of all the world's leading manufacturers are widely represented. Very high-quality equipment produced by such firms as Ariston,Gorenje,Electrolux,Bosch.

Firm Aristonproduces water heaters with boilers that have volumes from 30 to 100 liters, the internal surface of which is covered with both enamel and specially designed AG + enamel, which has finely dispersed impregnations of silver, also coated with titanium and stainless steel. The strength of the firm Ariston is   application in its models of electronic control with indication and touch screen on the front wall of the boiler. Minus - lack of fasteners.

Firm Electroluxproduces first-class storage water heaters with a very high quality internal coating. To pluses it is possible to carry modern design, convenient management and durability. Minus - high cost, fragility of electric heaters.

Firm Gorenje (Serbia, Slovenia)   supplies the market with storage water heaters with enamel inner coating and a coating of stainless steel, which allows them to serve faith and truth to their owner up to 5-7 years or more. Also, the use of a "dry" TEN significantly extends the service life in comparison with a "wet" TEN. The advantages include a flexible pricing policy, which reduces the price of boilers by about 10% compared to analogues of other European firms.

Price list

The price of a storage water heater depends on the volume of the boiler, the type of coating of the internal surface of the boiler, the availability of electronic control, and the availability of a dry TEN. Price of the firm's devices Ariston   is in the range from $ 80 for a 30-liter boiler to $ 300 for AristonAbsVELISINOXPW100with stainless steel cover, electronic control, flat tank.

Price policy of the firm Gorenjeas well as Ariston,is within the same limits. GorenjeEWH50   You can buy for $ 130, and GorenjeGBF100,having 2 heaters in a "dry" version, will cost $ 260.

Models produced by firms Electrolux andBocsh,   have prices slightly higher - they have a budget line virtually absent.