How to connect the outlet from the junction box. Junction box

Probably, it is not necessary to say that the junction boxes for the electrical wiring of buildings are an integral part of the electrical scheme. And still, it will be superfluous to remind once again that electrical junction boxes are special plastic containers that have a rectangular or circular shape and are closed with a lid of the same plastic. Their main purpose - switching, that is, connecting, sections (loops) of electrical wiring in one place.

It is clear that electricity to consumers is brought through the wires that connect them to the switchboard. At the same time, the main requirement for wiring is the uniform distribution of current by consumers, and accordingly also by sections. Therefore, in each room there are several sections that feed the group or individual consumers of electricity. And since there are several sites, it means that they must necessarily connect somewhere. It is in this place and the junction box is installed. It is in them that the wiring is made.

But experts say that this is not the main purpose of electrical distribution boxes. At the heart of their installation lies, as it is not strange, fire safety of operation of the electrical circuit of the building, and accordingly the entire structure itself. It should be noted that the connection of wires in the entire wiring is considered the most unreliable place. Often, twists are heated, burned insulation, which sometimes leads to fires and fires. So the junction box is a kind of protective barrier that provides fire safety requirements. Well, plus a secondary function, which is also important, this is the aesthetic side of the matter. Let's say straight, open twist or terminal elements on the wall - a non-representative appearance.

As for the typical series of junction boxes, there are only two:

1. Internal, used for internal wiring. Such an electrical junction box is installed in the wall, only its cover is visible from the outside.
2. Overhead. Such devices are mounted over the wall and used for open wiring.

Do I need a junction box

Is it possible to not install junction boxes? If purely theoretically, then there are no problems. However, it is necessary to strengthen isolation of joints, especially it concerns those walls which are exposed to plastering. Or use a scheme to connect consumers, so to speak, a separate type. This is when each device is supplied with a separate wire from switchboard. Imagine how much it takes for this wire, plus the increased volume of electro installation works. In addition, it is necessary to lay wide enough and deep strobes so that a whole bunch of different-sized wires can fit in them.

Of course, you can put forward a counterargument and say that laying wires to each consumer is considered the safest. After all, this is the complete absence of connections. In principle, so it is. But if all the connections were conducted professionally, that is, in accordance with the norms and requirements, then their presence is not a danger. Although everyone decides for himself - to install a junction box or not.

Requirements for the installation of junction boxes

Let's consider what requirements are imposed on the installation of junction boxes, as well as the place of their installation.

• The height of installation of the device is 10-30 cm from the base surface of the ceiling. The exact size determines the height of the ceilings themselves.
• If the inside of the building uses a wired layout, then under each box is a niche for its size and shape. In this case, the installation depth must be such that the cover of the device is flush with the finished wall surface.
• If you use an invoice model, then it is installed directly on the already prepared decorated wall.
• A very important point, which is indicated in the PUE, is a free approach to the installation site of the junction box for maintenance and repair.
• No less important point, and, more precisely, the most important, is the knowledge of where the junction box of the concealed installation is located.
• Do not forget about the aesthetic side of the matter. Therefore, the cover of the box is sealed under the general design of the room or the device is selected with a decorative cover.
• In the event that the installation location of the distribution plastic device is under a tension or suspended ceiling structure, it is necessary to leave a hatch in the latter for easy access to the cover of the device.

How to correctly connect the wires in the junction box

Let's turn to the PUE, where the requirements for connecting wires in junction boxes are clearly spelled out. Here are a few options:

• soldering;
• crimping;
• terminals;
• with a screw or screw connection.

Which of these options is considered the best? If you take into account the two indicators: reliability and manufacturability, then the ideal option is twisting with subsequent soldering of the ends. You can use only twisting, and this is also a very technological option, although it has a lower reliability compared to soldering.

Now the connected ends of the wires must necessarily be insulated, for which an electrical tape is used. In this case, all connections must be installed in the junction box in such a way that they are distributed evenly throughout the interior of the device and do not touch each other.

Experienced electricians carry out an inspection of all connections after installation works. They connect a load to each circuit and check if any joint is heated. If the connection of the wires has become warm, it means that the area of ​​their contact is small or the contact is loose. Therefore, this joint must necessarily be remade.

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To someone the junction box for electrical wiring will seem quite an insignificant element of household electrical network. And really, what's the use of it? With the help of the switch we control the lighting, the sockets are powered by electrical appliances and equipment - from these elements of the electrical network there is a visible total. And an invisible, but very important result, is that switches, sockets and lamps are connected to a common electrical network through junction boxes. It is in them that the wires coming from the power source and going to the switching devices are connected.

History of appearance

As soon as the first node was assembled, in which several wires of the branched electrical network were connected, there immediately appeared a need for its protection. First of all, from casual touches of a person to a bare wire, which could lead to electric shock. It also required protection from external influences - mechanical, dust, dirt, water.

Even during the first steps of electrification, it was invented to protect the place of wire twisting by a box. First, for this purpose in the course went to improvised funds, for example, cans from canned food. In them, holes were made, into which wires were inserted and twisted together. The most important thing was to carefully cut the holes, make their edges even and not jagged, so as not to damage the insulation of the wires.

However, very soon the electrotechnical evolution led to a mass production by manufacturers of the necessary factory distribution boxes. Although now, after almost a century, somewhere and there is a craftsman who in the garage or in the barn will make the connection of wires in a tin can.

Well, if you build a house or do major repairs in an apartment, you must start with electrical work. The first thing to do is install the junction boxes, do not use any cans and improvised tools, even in the back rooms. Go to the market of electrical goods, there boxes are sold in abundance - any size, configuration and degree of protection.

Why is it called differently?

The electrical connecting box received several names at once - distributive, soldering, tapping, and tripping.

It is like an electrical distribution point, where voltage from the power source comes in, and then diverges along several electric branches - to outlets, switches, lighting devices. For the fact that in the box voltage is distributed in different directions, it is called distribution. As several electric branches leave the box, a synonym - an offshoot - appeared.

Another name comes from the way the wires are connected inside the box. For a long time, soldering was considered the most reliable method. At the junction of the wire twisted, and then soldered, due to which the electricians began to call the boxes uncoordinated.

Interestingly, there was another synonym - a box of exclusives. The word "disconnection" can be heard only among professional electricians, and came up with it, as if combining two concepts - distribution and connection. That is distributed in the box, which wire and where should go, and then connected them according to the scheme.

Now there are so many modern connection options - all kinds of terminals, welding, connecting insulating clamps, using crimping, terminal blocks, self-clamping terminals. However, the boxes are still often referred to as the case.

All this we explained to you so that when you go to choose materials in electrical stores, and in different places you will see different names, you know, they all mean the same junction box.

Is it always necessary?

Quite a logical question, can you do without a junction box? Purely, yes.

And now imagine that from the lead-in electrical panel, which is usually located at the entrance to the house or apartment, it will be necessary to stretch a separate line for each switch and outlet. This is how much wire is needed then? And the strobes will have to be wide and deep, so that you can put a few wires in them. So, purely from the economic point of view, the installation of distribution boxes is a rational and expedient solution.

Someone can argue and say that it is much safer to build a whole line from an electric flap to a switch or socket, and in the box there will be only an extra junction. To this one is the answer - correctly and correctly made connection of wires does not present any danger.

Everyone can have their own opinion about this, however, to date, the option using junction boxes is the most preferable.

Kinds

Boxes for connection electrical wires  There are different types and are classified by many parameters.

By the method of installation

First of all, they are divided according to the installation method:

By material

The boxes differ depending on the material from which they are made. First of all, it should be such materials that would ensure the maximum protection for the connected wires for the entire lifetime. In this regard, the boxes for electrical wiring are made of high-quality plastic and metals, which are still coated with a protective layer of anticorrosive paint or primer.

For the production of metal boxes, use sheet metal or aluminum alloys that are not corroded. If a fire occurs, the metal case will for some time serve as a protection for the contents of the box, during this time at least it will be possible to de-energize the electrical network. Metal boxes are used most often in general purpose buildings (garages, utility rooms, sheds).

With no less efficiency will protect electrical connections and plastic junction box. For their manufacture, polyamide, polypropylene or cast PTFE is used, these materials are not subject to decomposition by active substances. Such plastic boxes serve as excellent insulation against electric shock. In addition to good insulation properties, they also have sufficient mechanical strength. The plastic soldering box is resistant to aggressive chemical fluids and can be kept in a humid environment much longer than a metal one. If there is a danger of open fire, the plastic does not burn, but melts, in this, of course, it is inferior to the metal.

Other parameters

Distribution boxes vary in size and here the following criteria play the main role:

• their appointment;
• number of inputs;
• protection class.

The minimum in the box can be two inputs, that is, two wires will be connected in it. The maximum number of inputs in one junction box is 16. Accordingly, the more entries, the larger the box in size and depth.

The boxes differ in shape, can be round, square and rectangular. For outdoor installation  generally no difference what shape you will use the box. But for internal installation  it's better to take a round one, because if you have a concrete wall, it's much easier to make a hole in it than to hollow out a square niche.

Of all the above criteria, the price of the junction box is added. The price is also affected by the degree of protection of this element:

• IP 20, IP 30 - for operation only in dry rooms, moisture protection is not available;
• IP 44 - for use outdoors and in rooms with high humidity, when installing outdoors, you must choose a place under the visor or canopy, as well as avoid direct exposure to dust and water spray;
• IP 55 - for operation in places subject to atmospheric precipitation, that is, boxes with such a degree of protection can be installed outdoors in any conditions, they are completely protected from dust and water spray;
• IP 67 - for outdoor use in any atmospheric precipitation, as well as on land and in the ground;
• IP 68 - boxes with this degree of protection can be operated with immersion in water, as a rule, the depth of immersion is indicated additionally for each product on the package or body.

For household electricity mains most often used boxes with a degree of protection IP 55.

Installation rules

Before installing the junction box, read the requirements prescribed in the main normative document  electricians of PUE, as well as with useful advice  for the installation of junction boxes:

1. Install the box at a distance of 10-30 cm below the ceiling.
2. There must always be access to the junction box. There are cases when it was installed at the right distance from the ceiling, but then during the new repair and installation of tension or suspended ceilings, the box was out of the access (that is, the ceiling level dropped). There is an option, leave a small hatch in the new ceiling for easy access to the box. But, most likely, it will not have a quite eye-catching and aesthetic appearance. It is best before moving to a new location before making new ceilings.
3. With the hidden version of the wiring in the wall, a recess is made for each junction box according to its size and shape (round or square). The depth of the niche is such that the box then does not stick out of the wall, and the lid in closed type  was flush with the wall surface.
4. Outdoor models of boxes are mounted already on the prepared decorated walls.
5. If the room is made of quality repair, then I would not want to spoil its appearance with an unsightly lid closing the junction box. In this case, either decorate the cover for your interior design (paste the wallpaper or color it in the tone), or in advance choose a box with a decorative cover.
6. In the event that you have pasted a box with wallpaper, be sure to remember the location of its location, if necessary, cut off the wallpaper on the spot and get access to the places of wire connections. It is best to keep a home electrician's logbook, which will draw all the points of the boxes and the route of the wires in the stitches. This is very convenient also if you need to drill a wall for a picture or a photo frame. Knowing the schematic layout of the wiring, you definitely will not stumble on it with an electric drill.
7. In the junction box you need to look not only when it is already puffed from the smoke. Periodically, it is necessary to check the connections for their heating, and also pull the contacts.

Installation

To install the box in the wall, you must first prepare the hole. You will need a special tool, the best is a perforator with a special nozzle called a crown. What does it represent? A ring with a cutting or diamond edge. In the center there is a drill intended for concrete, it centers the crown, and already it cuts the round segment out of the wall. The required depth is drilled, then the cut out segment is removed from the wall using a chisel and a hammer (you can use a special blade, which is installed on the puncher). In the same way, a deep niche is made for each installed element of the power grid (sockets, switches).

Then from the hole it is necessary to pierce the shtroby, in which the wires or cables are laid. Their ends must be brought into the box (it has a few special holes for this) and leave sticking out for 10-15 cm to mount the connection.

Then the boxes are smeared into a niche on a solution of alabaster or building gypsum. It remains only to make all necessary wiring disconnections and close the installed element with a lid. Wires are connected by welding, twisting and subsequent soldering, crimping by sleeves or terminal blocks.

Now you know almost everything about junction boxes. Start your electricity supply repair always with them. To acquire these elements of the power grid is not a problem now, the main thing is to determine exactly which ones you need?

In order to ensure a reliable and even distribution electric power  in urban and private houses, the wiring is divided into several groups, for which a separate supply wire is laid in each room, to which all the connecting wires of the room, such devices as: lighting, switches, plug sockets and others are connected. One of the most common methods of switching branches is the use of a distribution (branching) box. It is a body made of plastic or metal, with holes for cable entry, in which the wires are connected to each other and converge at one point according to the specified wiring diagram of the room. Outside, the branching box is closed with a lid. The cover can have a rubber ring ensuring tightness of the connection to the housing, fastened on the screws or snap into the grooves of the box body.

Types

Depending on the method of laying the electrical wiring of the premises, the distribution boxes are divided into:

• twist;
• connection by means of terminals integrated in the junction box;
• self-isolating clamps (PPE);
• crimping (twisting of wires is placed inside a copper sleeve, crimped with a special press);
• welding or soldering.

When electrical work  Do not abuse wire connections, since no crimping or welding can be more reliable than a complete cable. A large number of switching nodes increases the likelihood of wiring faults, in addition, junction boxes must be publicly available for repair, which is difficult for a large number of them, so install the boxes wherever they are really needed. At the same time, the desire to reduce the number of junction boxes leads to a significant expenditure of the cable, so when planning the work, it is necessary to find a balance between these factors.

An example of the optimal arrangement of junction boxes is shown in the picture below.

Security rules for installation

The connection of wires inside the box must be carried out in strict accordance with the electrical scheme of the premises, otherwise accidents in the power grid are inevitable. To avoid errors when connecting wires, it is recommended to sign each end of the wire coming out of the junction box. Each group of wires connected in a junction box should be signed separately. When using boxes with a metal casing, it must be grounded.

The picture above shows the layout of the junction boxes in a three-room apartment with a recording studio equipped with it. In the hall there is an input distribution box 1. In room 3 there are two junction boxes 5 and 6 located one after another. In box 6, the wires of switches and sockets are connected in the area of ​​the room assigned to the recording studio.

The installation of the junction box in the apartment is an important stage of electrical wiring, thanks to it there is an even distribution electric current  to points - consumers of electricity (lamps, sockets, switches). A well-assembled box provides 100% trouble-free use of electrical wiring. According to external signs, the switch box is a structure made of metal or plastic with holes on the sides. From the box go wires that provide current to all the important electrical devices.

For an even distribution of electricity, the wiring is divided into separate groups of consumers. In the rooms at the junction of the wiring, the junction boxes are installed.

Distribution boxes perform several important functions in residential premises:

• ensuring fire safety;
• creating an aesthetic appearance in the apartment.

Inside the box are the wires, thanks to the body, they are not subject to mechanical influences, which ensures their safety.

By the principle of installation boxes are built-in and external. The built-in ones are installed in specially prepared cavities in the wall, and the overheads are fixed on the wall surface.

Main function of junction box

Distributive  The box reduces the cost of wires. If it were not, each device of electricity consumption would be connected with a separate cable. No box provides for  increase the channels of laying wires, and visually it looks unaesthetic.

The advantage of using junction boxes is undeniable, and a properly wired connection will ensure the safety of the premises. This device isolates points of contact from the effects of combustible wall materials.

Convenience of the use of the switch box provides ease of repair. The main function of the box is that due to it there is a uniform distribution of electricity at the locations of the main consumers. In addition, such designs of switching boxes assume the addition of new branches of electrical networks to the existing wire in cases of need.

Types of junction boxes

Distribution boxes by type of attachment are divided into:

• overhead, which are installed outside on the wall;
• interior, installed in the prepared wall deepening.

The main task of the junction box is to provide easy access to the electrician in the event of a system failure. For convenience and integrity of wires, the box is closed with a lid. To perform any manipulation with electrical wiring, it is sufficient for specialists to remove the cover and become familiar with the causes of the malfunctions.

Diffusers are made of the following materials:

1. Plastic.
2. Metal.

Metal casings are made of tin-plated steel sheet or aluminum alloys. The main requirement for materials is that they are not subject to corrosive changes.

If a junction box is required for strategically important objects, then it is necessary to choose it with the following characteristics:

• screw cap;
• waterproofing pads.

The metal case has universal properties and perfectly protects the wiring during a fire, that is - during a fire metal construction  is able to store the contents of the box for a while, for which it is possible to conduct power blackout.

The plastic body also has positive properties: resistance to oxidative processes and the ability to isolate an electric current.

Distribution boxes differ in geometric form and there are:

• round;
• square;
• rectangular.

In the event that a small number of wires are supplied to the box, a round box configuration can be used. In cases of a large number of wires it is better to use a rectangular distribution structure.

Important! If the walls are concrete, it is easier and more convenient to install round boxes.

The dimensions of the distribution boxes depend on the number of wires and their cross-section.

Internal structure of the junction box

The construction of the switching box consists of a housing and a cover, as well as side openings.

The internal cavity of the box is equipped with terminals and clamps for fixing the wires. Usually, with the aid of the terminals, the lead-in cable is fixed, the separate wires are fixed by means of clamps. If the box is not equipped with terminals, the wiring is fixed to each other by the twisting method.

The drawback of the terminal connection is that after use, the bolts can loosen and disrupt the wiring contact. The attenuation of the contact causes heating and subsequent burning of the wiring. Twisting is considered a more reliable way.

It should be taken into account that the connection of aluminum and copper wires  in the switch box leads to the destruction of the compound and the appearance of an electrochemical process.

Important! Brass terminals provide high-quality connection of aluminum and copper wires.

Installation Rules

Boxes that distribute electricity are mounted approximately 25 centimeters from the ceiling. In cases where the junction box is installed in a hidden way, the cover must be on the surface so that it can easily be opened and carried out.

When choosing a place to install a box in a hidden way, care should be taken to ensure access to it while respecting the design intent of the interior in the apartment.

Installation

Concrete or brick construction electrical appliances are placed in the cavity walls in specially prepared holes in the wall. Such grooves are manufactured by a perforator, in the cases of a round construction of the switchboard, the holes are made with a special crown. In the seat, the box is attached to the wall using an alabaster solution, which ensures a secure connection between the housing and the wall.

After determining the location of the box, it is necessary to prepare the wire network and make a connection. In order to bring them to the switching box, you need to prepare the shtroby, in which the wires will be laid. If the walls allow the possibility of wiring in a horizontal position, then for this purpose gaps between the walls and the ceiling are quite useful.

After preparing the channels and podrozetnikov carry out the wiring of the wiring system of the switching box.

Important ! For the correct connection of the wires in the switchbox, the wires are marked to quickly carry out subsequent repairs.

The input cable from the switchboard is designated as "input", the wire from the sockets should also be marked, because the signed wires will not allow errors in the prevention and repair. In order for the wires to be operated correctly, the cross section must be strictly observed, for example, for the supply of electricity from the shield, a two or three-wire cable with a cross-section of 4 square millimeters is used.

Such a cable guarantees the full use of any consumer with high power. For the lighting system, a cross section of 2.5 square millimeters is used, and for sockets - 1.5 square mm.

After acquaintance with all the nuances begin to install the switch box. The basic principle of the installation of the switching structure is indicated by the exact observance of the wiring connection sequence. The wire connection in the junction box includes the following parameters: the phase is applied to the phase, zero to zero, and the ground to ground.

Wire laying takes place when all the parameters and requirements of the completed wiring diagram are observed. The wires fit inside the box, preferably - with an allowance of about 10 centimeters. When connecting the wires, it is necessary to peel the ends from the insulation and fix them in the terminals.

In the absence of fasteners, you can simply fix the connections by twisting. This method involves twisting the wires in their places of contact, this method is often used and is considered reliable. After this, the joints are fixed with an insulating material (tape or plastic caps).

Important! Wires are installed in pipes made of metal or plastic, providing insulation from external negative factors.

Various modifications of switching devices are widely represented in specialized stores of electrical engineering. The attached instructions specify the main characteristics and nominal strengths of the amperage.

Connection principles

For a quick connection to avoid confusion, the wires are marked with colors of different shades. The following combination of colors is considered popular: white color  indicates the phase, the blue color is zero, the light green symbolizes the grounding. When connecting, you must strictly follow the consistency and consistency.

Like any other job, the wiring in the switch box also begins with the project. To compose a competent wiring diagram, you need to determine the exact location of the points electrical installations  - lamps, sockets, switches. In accordance with the scheme, the junction boxes are placed in convenient places. Provision of access is necessary in the event of a failure in supply of electricity.

In the rules of electrical installation devices it is regulated that the wires should be connected by means of soldering, welding or by means of clamps. However, in the people the "grandfather's" method of twisting wires has proved itself, this method ensures the technological effectiveness and reliability of the system.

Sometimes it is not enough to use the twisting of wires, to ensure reliability, the contact area is treated with a solder. After connection, the wiring is insulated and laid in the case of the box in such a way that they do not come in contact with each other.

After carrying out the whole complex of works, diagnostics is carried out, for this purpose the most powerful electrical appliance is connected to the network in the apartment and the wires are checked for the presence of heating. If you find the heating of some wire, it means that there is not enough contact area in it, and in such cases it should be possible to replace the wire with a larger wire.

Qualitatively completed installation of electrical wiring - a pledge of a quiet and safe life in the house. It's worth it once to do the job with all the security requirements - and never again face sparking rosettes and a suspicious smell of burning that prompts the walls and ceilings to be rushed.

For all types of power grids, a junction box is required, which will become an indispensable assistant in overcoming voltage surges and other problems with electricity.

Distributive or junction?

The branch (branch) box is made of fire-resistant plastic. Boxes of this type are used not only in ordinary household or industrial conditions, but also for installing fire alarms and security systems.

Often the question arises: branching and distributing box - different concepts or the same thing?

Boxes come in two types:

• Distribution (branching) - is used for tapping electrical wires in external or internal wiring;
• Installation - used to secure the sockets, switches and other products on the wall. If the mounting box has a cover, it can be used as a branch.

Junction box  - this plastic container with a lid, in the ends of the box there are inputs for wires. There are two types of distribution boxes:

• for open wiring;
• for closed wiring.

The inner wiring box can not be used for external connections.

When mounting the outer wiring boxes are installed on the surface of the walls, with the inner - deepen the walls and fixed with plaster. In the second variant, the lid of the box does not remain on the wall surface so that if necessary it can be removed and the condition of the wires checked.

What is the junction box for?

To intelligently distribute the load in the home network and avoid short circuits, the power grid is divided into several main directions. In each separate room, the main wire is carried to which access points (switches, lamps, sockets) are connected. In the junction box, the supply wires and the consuming lines are connected.

Boxes can vary in size and appearance. In addition to direct fire protection, they must protect the cable connections from mechanical damage and dirt and water. If you do not secure the joints of the wires from these factors, a short circuit or loose contact may occur.

Where to install

Crosshead boxes are mounted in the corners, retreating about 25 centimeters from the ceiling.

To the cover of the box should be free access, so that it is possible, if necessary, to repair the wire connections.

If the house has a problem with electricity, the voltage in the access points of consumers is gone, all the recovery actions begin with the junction box.

Mounting the wires in the box

The electric wires are combined according to their purpose: grounding, phase and common. The cores in the cable are marked with a different color of the insulating material, so it is not difficult to determine the order of their adhesion.

Aluminum wires are brittle and brittle, so you need to periodically check the strength of their connections.

The connection of wires in the box is carried out by the method of twisting or soldering. The upper layer of the wire insulation is removed, the vein is bare by six to seven centimeters. The wires are connected by the twisted pair method and pressed by pliers. In one such connection, there should not be more than four wires. The tip of the screwed wires should be poured with solder using a soldering iron. From the top, the joint is wrapped around several layers of electrical tape. Insulating tape is cotton or vinyl. Cotton is more resistant to heat, it can withstand up to eighty degrees, and vinyl begins to flow at fifty. The minus cotton ribbon is that it absorbs moisture from the air. So it's better to make the first couple of layers of winding from cotton, and the last one from vinyl. The scroll is put in a box and the tight one is closed with a lid. This connection will be reliable and durable (with proper load calculation).

Professionals use plastic clips or pads for this purpose. These devices have insulated holes for the wire with a fixing screw. The wires are set in the recesses and clamped with a special comb. Superfluous branches are deleted. There are single-clamp terminals, which are fixed with a screw or a lever. Such products are made of insulating material and do not need additional protection. The possibility of accidental contact with the wire is excluded from them.

One of the main components of competently organized electrical wiring is a soldering box. It is installed on the way from the general switchboard to the room.

The main requirement for a hinged box is to stand in the event of an emergency and to prevent further fire on the wiring. The prices for such boxes are different, but it is not worth saving on them - the security of housing directly depends on this wiring element. It should be noted that the quality of the wire connections determines whether the box will heat up. No matter how reliable she was, she would not be able to answer for all the mistakes of the master.

In the Soviet era, metal junction boxes were used for the installation of open wiring. Their advantage is that they are more heat-resistant than plastic ones. Sometimes the craftsmen used even ordinary cans for these purposes. In modern electrical installation, metal boxes are mainly used for industrial enterprises  or in wooden houses, where the wiring is enclosed in pipes. In everyday life, they are chosen less and less often because of the high cost and some specific aspects of working with such material.

The metal boxes must be grounded.

For external junction boxes there is no provision for burying in walls. This electrotechnical element is produced in different modifications, differing in color, shape and size. Traditionally, this is a square box with cable entries that snaps into place with a plastic cover. On round boxes, the covers can be fastened with clips or screws. Usually closing plugs are dressed with effort. The most important thing at work is not to lose the lid, since such products are not sold separately. In boxes, there are sometimes more cable entries (three and four-way).

Unpacking boxes for concealed wiring are different for solid and hollow walls. The hollow surfaces intended for hollow surfaces have special presser feet on the fasteners.

Sometimes, instead of the switchbox, the craftsmen use the podzoetniki, closing them with homemade lids. It is important that this material is fireproof and airtight, otherwise from such a box there will be no sense.

Recently, boxes with a set of terminals and contact groups appeared on sale. It should be borne in mind that not in all cases such a standard set meets the requirements of a particular network. The load of standard terminals is limited. In this case, it is better to use the familiar PPE.

How to mount boxes

Junction boxes, as a rule, are located under the ceiling or 20 centimeters below it in the corners of the room. When arranging furniture it is important that it does not restrict access to this wiring element. Boxing boxes should not have cracks or chips.

If the wire connections do not fit in the container, you do not need to compact and wire the wires, but you should buy a larger box or install a second one next.

At installation it is necessary to make the plan-scheme of an arrangement of elements of electroconducting that, if necessary, it was not necessary to search for them long. When hidden wiring  boxes are hidden under a layer of plaster or wallpaper, which should not be allowed.

The main condition for the successful installation of power in the house is attention to detail. In order to correctly distribute the possible load, you must first create a wiring diagram. All connections in the junction boxes must be securely insulated. In this case, living in the house will be safe and not be clouded by troubles with electricity.