How much does it cost to install a house heating meter. Which device to deliver - general or individual. The common house is cheaper

In our country, the law "On Energy Saving" was adopted. According to the document, all owners of housing are required to install in it the consumption of thermal energy. Controlling the flow of water, gas and electricity has long become commonplace. Many believed that heat is not amenable to any calculation, so the counters on it became a real novelty. How to put in an apartment is described in this article.

Benefit of installation

What do users think about heating meters in an apartment? The testimonies indicate that the benefits of installing the registration instruments are palpable.

The owner of housing must pay only for the heat received, not covering the costs of losses during transportation. For maximum savings, you must remove all sources that contribute to the loss of heat in the house: install window frames that are leak-tight, heat the room and conduct other activities. There are two options for installing the unit.

Installation of a common house meter

Many are interested in how to put meters for heating in an apartment.

It should be noted that people living in can solve the problem of accounting for heat consumption by resorting to installing not an individual, but a common household meter. This, it should be noted, is the cheapest option. After all, the cost of an accounting device is high, but it will be distributed among residents. The result will be quite acceptable.

Indications from the device the collector removes once a month. The owner of each apartment must pay according to the square of the living space. In this case, a clear condition is observed: if the heat supplier does not provide the consumer with the proper temperature in the room, then he undertakes to return the money contributed by the tenant.

How does the common house meter start?

The first stage of the event is a meeting of the tenants of the whole house. It discusses the key issues of the forthcoming installation. It also determines who will act as a collector, taking the testimony and issuing receipts for payment.

The decision of the meeting is fixed by the protocol, after which it is possible to apply to the company with a written statement on the consent to install the device.

The main priority of the common house aggregate is its cheapness. However, the economic side of its use may not satisfy users. There are many reasons. For example, insufficiently insulated apartments and entrances can lead to increased heat consumption.

Is there an exit? Do they install in an apartment?

Often residents resort to the installation of individual counting devices. Such heat meters for heating for an apartment are much more expensive, but the level of efficiency they have higher.

Technical restrictions on the installation of an individual counter

Before you put meters for heating in the apartment, you should familiarize yourself with a number of technical limitations. The heat meter of individual use is installed on the drain, which leads directly to the apartment. In multi-unit buildings of the old type, as a rule, heating pipes with vertical modification were provided for. This means that the apartment can have more than one riser. Each of them will have to install a counter, which will cost the owner quite expensive.

The solution to this problem is the installation of specially designed meters for heating appliances. But the installation of such a device in our country is not yet practiced, although in Europe this method has become widespread.

Manufacturers of aggregates offer a way out of their situation. In order not to put several meters, resort to the installation of distributors, which measure the flow of the coolant on the basis of the difference in temperatures on the surface of the radiator and air in the room.

Another way out of the situation is the installation of a common house device, which was described above.

In buildings in which wiring is made horizontally, the installation of meters to control the heat consumption is unlimited. Compact devices are mounted on a pipe that supplies heat to the room. In some cases, the installation is done on the pipeline.

Thermal counters operate with flowmeters of various modifications. Depending on the conditions of use, you can apply one of four options. Let's consider each separately.

Mechanical type

This is a counter with a unified design. It can be screwed, turbine or winged. The basis of the unit is the conversion of the translational motion of the coolant into the movement of the element for measurement.

This is the most affordable device in terms of cost. It can not be used if the role of the coolant is water with increased rigidity, or it contains particles of rust, scale or scales. They can clog the mechanical parts of the device. Therefore, before installing the units, special filter systems are installed. In addition, the mechanical configuration does not tolerate a sharp flow fluctuation.

Electromagnetic devices

Electromagnetic devices basically contain a current manifestation factor when the liquid passes through a magnetic field. Devices have a high enough metrological stability. They entered into extensive operation. Inaccuracies in the indications may be due to the presence of impurities in the water and poor quality of the wire connection during installation.

Vortex devices

Equipment is estimated vortices, which appear beyond the obstacle located on the path of the coolant. The design can be mounted both on pipelines with vertical and horizontal modifications. Devices exhibit sensitivity for the presence of air in the pipe, the level of welding quality and impurities contained in the water.

The deposits on the pipes do not adversely affect the operation of the device. Instruments are demanding for the size of straight sections in the pipeline before and after the flowmeter.

Units operating on ultrasound

They can measure the time for which the fluid has passed through the pipeline from the source to the reception of the signal. Devices are Doppler, frequency, time and correlation.

In any case, the work of the device is distinguished by impeccability. The device is measured in clean water  without the presence of impurities or scale. Incorrect indications can occur if there are bubbles or scale in the coolant. This device is reliable and durable.

What should be attached to the counter?

Like any measuring device, the meter must have an appropriate certificate and a passport. The documents testify to the initial approbation of the unit, which was carried out at the plant. These indicators should be applied to the body of the device. They look like a stigma or a sticker. The timing of the control test depends on the model of the device. The average indicator of the event is once every four years.

Who conducts a preventive examination of the device?

The current check of the device is carried out after the expiration of the test interval.

To this end, the owner of housing must apply to a number of instances:

• local department of Rostest;
• a private organization that owns these powers;
• service center of the manufacturer.

Important information

In such a process as installing meters for heating in an apartment, you should choose a company that will provide installation at a professional level. Many firms guarantee further maintenance  devices. Experts will be responsible for the planned inspection.

How to install and connect the device

How to put meters for heating in the apartment by all the rules? The owner himself does not have the right to install. Installation is carried out by special organizations that possess authorization accreditation for such services. Employees of companies stage by stage the following activities:

• the connection project is running;
• a document is agreed in the company that will install the units;
• there is installation of meters for heating in the apartment;
• after the end of work, the devices are sealed;
• equipment is being registered;
• devices are put into operation, and then they are transferred to the supervision organization.

How to choose a company to install a counter?

When choosing the company that will install the device, you should pay attention to a number of important points:

• the presence of a free engineer's departure to the facility, during which communications will be inspected;
• implementation of all stages of installation work;
• presence in the firm of special equipment and skilled workers;
• presence of the company's tolerances and certificates;
• information about the company in the Unified State Register of Legal Entities;
• guarantee for ongoing work;
• granting preferential services to a certain category of citizens;
• the possibility of payment by installments and the terms of its repayment;
• service provision.

Cost of meter installation

So how much are the heat meters in the apartment? The price for the meter itself, together with a regulation valve, a filter and stop valves  is about 10 000 rubles and more, depending on the model.

However, to this amount, you must add the expense for installation. Therefore, it is necessary to pay not only heating meters in the apartment. The installation price will increase significantly and amount to about 20 000 rubles.

What to do with the testimony?

The readings from this unit are removed in exactly the same way as with an electric meter. Further the receipt in which the difference in indications multiplied by the current tariff is filled is filled.

The heating fee for the meter is paid in the branches of the Savings Bank. As a recipient, the company providing heat supply is indicated.

Conclusion

The heat meter will become a good assistant to the owner of the apartment or house. The main thing is to determine which common household or individual to install what device to use, and to assign the matter to professional workers.

About the counters for heating in the apartment, the reviews are very different. Many residents believe that the availability of individual devices contributes to saving monthly heat bill by 30-40%.

The tenants apartment buildings  many claims to heat suppliers. If we reduce all complaints to a common denominator, we will find out that people are not satisfied with the lack of transparency in the formation of payment. The amounts on the accounts are impressive, but for what the consumer paid specifically, how much heat really got - a mystery with seven seals. The problem is solved very easily, for this purpose it is enough to install heating meters. The device allows you to determine how much heat was actually received, and calculate the fair amount of payment.

The principle of operation of different types of heating meters

Flowmeters, which are equipped with heat measuring devices, can work on different principles. Depending on the type of flowmeter, four types of counters are distinguished:

The heating meter is a device, through which you will pay an honest price for the heat received

1. Mechanical. The principle of operation of these heat meters is based on the transformation of water movement in the system into sensor motion. Depending on the design, screw, turbine and vane counters are distinguished. Mechanical equipment is the cheapest, but it is not very precise and has limitations in application (for example, hard or polluted water).
2. Electromagnetic. Devices fix the appearance of a current when the coolant passes a magnetic field. The equipment is quite accurate, but also responds to water quality.
3. Vortex. These counters record the presence of vortices that appear after the passage of water obstacles. The quality of the coolant, the presence of air in the system are very important.
4. Ultrasound. Devices can be frequency, Doppler, correlation, time. All ultrasonic equipment is quite expensive, but reliable, accurate and durable. There are also limitations in the application, they are usually indicated in the accompanying documentation for each model.

Ultrasonic heat meters are accurate, reliable, durable

Connection and verification of the heat meter

About the benefits: how much does it cost to install a heat meter

To understand whether it is advantageous to install a counter, you need to calculate the cost of the device itself and the associated costs. The price of the device depends on the type of flowmeter. The final cost includes the device itself, accessories, installation costs. Installation can only be carried out by a company that has all the necessary permits for the provision of such services. Having finished installation of the counter for heating, employees of the company seal it.

The device needs regular verification every 4 years. All services are paid. As a result, the cost of installing heat measuring equipment is significantly increased, but costs are paid off by saving on paying bills for utilities.

Who to contact for verification of measuring equipment

The new counters have already been checked, as evidenced by the records on them. This information is duplicated in the accompanying documentation. Initial verification is carried out at the factory. After expiration of the interim period, the owner of the heat meter can contact the following organizations:

• In the firm that installed the meter for heating. Often, a contract for subsequent maintenance is concluded immediately, and the company's specialists take care of all the verification tasks.
• To the local branch of the state institution, which is engaged in certification and verification of measuring equipment.
• To the service center of the manufacturer of the device.

Which device to deliver - general or individual

Virtually all who installed heat-measuring equipment, argue that this is a profitable investment of funds. Disagreements arise only when discussing the installation methods (general or individual) and the types of the device itself. Whichever installation option you choose, keep in mind that the sums of accounts depend not only on the temperature of the batteries, but also on the degree of thermal insulation. To minimize costs, it is desirable to achieve tightness of the window frames and, if possible, to insulate the walls.

The common house is cheaper

Such a device is installed on the entrance. Installation and maintenance of the device is relatively cheap, as the costs are distributed among all tenants. Once a month they take the meter reading. The amounts of payments are calculated for each apartment, depending on its area. Another advantage in installing such a heating meter is the ability to claim compensation from a service provider if it does not fulfill its obligations to the fullest. If the house does not maintain the appropriate temperature, he is obliged to return the money to the residents.

To put a house heating meter, you need to hold a meeting of all apartment owners. On the agenda are the issue of installing the device, discussing who to entrust the installation. If the decision on the main issue is positive, then you must also appoint an authorized person who will take the testimony and calculate the amounts of payments. The entire course of discussion is recorded in the protocol. To install the measuring equipment, prepare a written application to the management company.

So it looks like a house heat meter for heating

Individual - more precisely

Often, there are disagreements between neighbors who have established house-building counters regarding the amounts of payment for heat supply services. Sometimes heat loss is so great that they "steal" all the benefits from the device. It happens, if the whole entrance is generally poorly insulated, windows are broken, the frames in the apartments are not sealed. In this case it is much more profitable to install heating meters in the apartment. It will cost more, but the owner of the apartment will be sure that he pays only for the amount of heat energy that he consumes.

The readings of the heat meter are taken in the same way as from the electricity meter. When filling out the receipt, you need to subtract old indications from new ones, multiply the difference by the tariff and pay to the account of the heat supply organization.

Heat calculator SUPERCAL 531 produced by Aquatherm

Technical limitations: when the counter is not profitable

The measuring device is mounted on the riser, which leads to the apartment. In the projects of multi-unit buildings of old construction, the distribution of heating pipes is usually vertical, which implies the presence of several risers. Installation of several meters is economically unprofitable for apartment owners. In this case it is possible to put either counters on heating batteries (which is still rarely practiced in our country) or special distributors. The second option is quite feasible. The instrument will measure the temperature difference between the battery and air. Based on his testimony, the amount of payment for heat is calculated.

Appearance of the distributor. These devices are installed on all batteries in the apartment

The growth of tariffs for heating bothers everyone. It is possible and necessary to fight for honest relations between suppliers and consumers of heat. Installation of measuring equipment is the most effective method, forcing heat supply organizations to fulfill their obligations to consumers of services. Consider heat and pay only for what you use.

Video: electronic heating and hot water meter

Lack of stable heat supply in apartment buildings  causes many problems. Users do not want to pay for cold pipes, scandal with utilities. And this is understandable, since there is no sense in paying for missing services. This heat is an eternal problem for our country. A common house or individual heat meter will reduce the cost of utilities, since it will take into account only the actual amount of heat supplied.

In this review we will consider:

• The need to use thermal meters;
• The principle of heat meters;
• The main types of heat meters and popular models;
• The cost of equipment and installation work;
• How to install a heat meter in apartment house  or in his apartment.

Read the overview and find out how you can save on consuming public services.

For what the necessary heat meters

Cold batteries are a perennial Russian problem. It would seem that the public utilities are constantly working to improve the boiler houses, conduct preparatory work  to heating season, change pipes and make other procedures to maintain their farms in working order. But with the onset of winter, everything repeats - the pipes are cold, people complain, the communal workers either raise their hands, or pretend that this does not concern them.

Agree, it's a pity when you pay a lot of money every month for heating, and the temperature in the apartment remains below normal.

The problem itself is not even in cold pipes or their insufficient temperature (which is not in accordance with the norm), but that communal companies charge the subscription fee "to the fullest." They do not care about the temperature in the apartments, but people suffer. Appeals to the supervisory authorities often do not help - oddly enough, but according to the documents of the public utilities, everything is normal.

The problem with cold pipes and dishonest charging of a subscription fee is solved by heat energy meters. Once installed on the heating in the apartment, they will provide an accurate account of the amount of heat consumed. If the pipes are cold, the volume of consumed services will be minimal. If the temperature is normal, the communal workers will get money for their work - everything is fair and fair.

Installing a heat meter for heating, we can not solve only one problem - if the boiler does not work, then there will not be heat in the apartment, at least with a meter, even without a meter.

Let's see what advantages we get by installing a heat meter in the apartment:

• Reducing the cost of utilities - if the public utilities are "hacked", the payment for heat will be minimal;
• We will receive a tool to influence the service provider - he will be interested in supplying heat in the amount determined by the current regulations and current weather on the street;
• Savings on the subscription fee even with warm pipes  - in some cases it reaches 20-30%.

But the main thing is that if there is no heat, we can pay nothing - even if it comes to trial, we will be right.

Having installed a heat meter for heating, care should be taken to reduce heat losses. To do this, it is necessary to replace the entrance door and install three-layer double-glazed windows.

Principle of operation

Apartment heat meters for heating take into account the amount of heat consumed. The hotter the heat carrier and the more volume of the flowing coolant, the greater the number on the control panel. This is convenient and when the batteries are installed thermostats - there is an opportunity to save on heating, when those or other premises are simply not used.

The heat energy counter takes into account the following factors:

• The amount of flowing heat carrier - a module is used for the measurement, something similar to a conventional water meter;
• The temperature of the coolant at the inlet - for this purpose the heat meter is equipped with a sensor installed on the heating inlet pipe;
• The temperature of the coolant at the outlet from the system is set on the discharge pipe.

The received data is sent to the accounting unit, which performs all necessary calculations. Some heat meters for heating are given mechanical accounting nodes, but in general their essence remains the same.

The accounting node, displaying the final results, displays them on a mechanical or electronic scoreboard. The received data are transferred to the supplier of heat, and payment is made in accordance with the current tariffs. If the heat meter detects that the coolant is too cold, it will decrease the reading. And in this case, the public utilities simply can not get away - they will receive less money than if the account were taken without a heat meter.

Types of heat meters for heating

When acquiring heat meters, it is necessary to determine the most suitable model. The industry produces a large number of heat meters for heating systems that differ in capacity, accuracy of operation, type of measuring unit and many other parameters. In shops we can purchase:

The common house heat meters are larger than their apartment counterparts and have a high throughput.

• The general house heating meter is a heat meter for general house heat metering. This device takes into account the total amount of heat energy consumed, after which the values ​​are distributed to all apartments (in accordance with the heated area);
• Apartment heat meters for heating - are designed for strictly individual accounting of the amount of heat energy consumed.

A common house heat metering device (or a general house heat meter) is a high-performance device intended for installation at the entrance to a residential building. It carries out a general account of heat, and the data obtained can be removed both by the responsible person and by the communal workers themselves. The characteristic features of this device are the large diameter of the inlet and outlet pipes, since a fairly large amount of coolant flows through the equipment.

The heat meter for the apartment is smaller than the common house heat meter. The maximum throughput is up to 2-3 cu. m / hour, depending on the model. The heat meter for heating is purchased on an individual basis. In new residential complexes, these devices can be installed by the developer.

The heat meter for the battery is about the same heat meter as for the whole apartment. This equipment is placed separately for each battery, as will be discussed in the next section.

Apartment heat meters (as well as common on the house) are divided into several categories, according to the principle of action. Here is their list:

Ultrasonic devices are very sensitive to the quality of the coolant.

• Mechanical - in their construction these heat meters resemble counters hot water, but they are able to take into account the temperature of the coolant. Their main advantage is resistance to poor quality of coolant (actual for residential areas with old boiler houses);
• Ultrasound - the leaders in accuracy. They are provided with ultrasonic sensors, which measure the level of the coolant flow in the heating system. In addition, heat meters are provided with temperature sensors. The main drawback - do not like dirty coolant;
• Electromagnetic - work in any conditions, differ quite a decent level of accuracy.

When choosing heat meters, stop on electromagnetic or ultrasonic models - they are extremely accurate and easy to install.

Installation of meters for heating in the apartment

With a vertical distribution of heating, the installation of heat meters will fly into a pretty penny.

The process of installing a heat meter in an apartment is complicated by the fact that the heating in it can be horizontal or vertical. The easiest way to install the counter in horizontal system  - in this case, all the heating batteries in the rooms are connected to a single riser. Accordingly, here we need one heat meter - it will analyze the total heat consumption throughout the apartment.

Worst of all, if the apartment has several vertical risers - in the kitchen, in the living room and in the bedroom. And if the apartment is three or four rooms, then the cost of equipment will be huge. The whole point is that we need one heat meter per battery or group of batteries to calculate the total heat consumption by all heating devices  . Accordingly, by installing a counter on the heating battery in the kitchen, you will have to install one more apparatus in the bedroom.

Installation of house heat meters

It is easiest to install general-purpose heat meters for heating - they work immediately for the whole house. In this case, you will need one appliance or one for each entrance. Installation of heat meters of the house type at the request of the tenants is often associated with the need to purchase equipment at their own expense. It also requires the consent of all tenants, so the procedure for documenting may be delayed.

Installation of heat meters - step-by-step instruction

The installation of heat meters in an apartment should be handled by licensed organizations.

The installation of a heat meter in the apartment will allow to end the tyranny of public services and force them to work not only for the benefit of themselves, but also for the benefit of consumers. Let's see how to put meters on the heating in the apartment and what you need for this. Just note that fact that the installation work should be handled by specialists, since self-assembly  heat meters is prohibited.

To get started, you need to get and carefully study technical conditions. Here the characteristics used in the homeownership of the heating system are prescribed: the pressure of the coolant, its temperature, the diameter of the pipes, and much more. In accordance with the presented data, a heat meter of a suitable model is purchased - its characteristics must meet the specifications.

Please note that together with the heat meter for heating you must transfer all the necessary documentation for the equipment.

The process of installing the heat meter in the apartment continues with the application to the project organization - it will compile the project and carry out the installation work. The choice of a design and installation company should be taken with all responsibility. In the absence of her license and the permissions for mounting work in the installation of a heat meter for heating may be refused - you just do not accept the documents.

At the final stage, the heat meter is accepted, its working capacity checked, the next packet of papers is signed. From now on, the payment for heating will be made not in accordance with the area of ​​the apartment, but in accordance with the data received from the meter. If the meter in the apartment registers a low temperature of the coolant, the heating bill will be small.

Let's see how much is the installation of heat meters and how many will have to pay for the equipment itself. The apartment unit will cost you 6-9 thousand rubles. The cost of installation works will be from 10,000 rubles - the estimate is made individually. Remember that if there are several heat meters in your heating system, the initial costs will be huge.

If the apartment has one heat meter, it will pay for itself quickly enough. For several devices, the payback period can be up to 3-4 years. Calibration interval for all heat meters is 4 years.

Installation of a common house appliance

Utsanovka common house heat meter should be agreed with all owners.

Let's see how the installation of a house heating meter is done. The procedure here is about the same as with flat meters - we get technical conditions, make a project, invite installers, sign all the necessary papers. But before that you need to hold a general meeting, collect money, get the right equipment, make payment calculations in accordance with the heated area.

To find out if it is possible to install a house-heating meter, you can management company  and in the project organization. But we must remember that installing such heating is complicated by the solution of organizational issues - the owners of some apartments may not agree to additional costs.

Sometimes common heat meters for heating are set for general control the consumption of heat in the presence of individual meters in each apartment. Thus, consumers pay not only for their own heat consumption, but also for heat in public places (for example, in the entrances).

The installation of common metering devices often solves the problem of deceiving individual meters by apartment consumers - as a result, the whole house is paid for for theft.

Popular Models

Installation of a heat meter in the apartment promises a certain benefit - if there is a heat meter for heating, you will have to pay less. True, you have to spend money on installation work. As residential units, we recommend the following models:

The vehicle ТСУ-15/3 is a fairly common meter for large apartments.

• Valtec VHM-T-15 / 0,6 / O / - can work in systems of hot water supply, it is equipped with nonvolatile memory;
• Авектра ТСУ-15/3 - simple and accurate heat meter, able to work in rooms with a total area of ​​up to 300 square meters. m;
• Sayany KST-22 Kombik-M Du-15 KT is one of the simplest and cheapest devices.

Also on sale are many other heat meters, both for apartment and house accounting. Which one to buy depends on the technical specifications.

Video

Despite the fact that residents pay for heat only in winter, the amount of payments can be very high. That is why it makes sense to use a heat meter. What is it and how does it work? The Law on Energy Saving says that the installation of the heating meter is carried out at the expense of the owner of the premises.

The device is of two types:  tachometric and ultrasonic.

The ultrasonic appearance is more accurate and durable, so it costs more.

The principle of operation of such a heat meter is to calculate the amount of heat consumed by means of data obtained by means of temperature sensors and a flow meter. The device measures the volume of water entering the apartment heating system and the exact temperature at the beginning and at the end of the heating system. All information from the sensors is transmitted to the calculator. All the received data is stored in the archive. Any error in the counter directly depends on all the errors of the temperature sensors, the flow meter, the calculator. The permissible error varies from +/- 6 to +/- 10%.

The accuracy of the counter can increase if:

• total heat consumption below the minimum specified in the properties of the device;
• during the installation, errors were made or the manufacturer's requirements were violated.

Also, thermal counters have good protection against any magnetic fields that will not allow to bypass the law by the method of magnetic braking of the heat meter.

In Russia thermal energy  measured in gigacalorie (Gcal). Thermal counters made in Europe use Gigajoules (Gj) as well as kilowatt hours during heat calculations. But do not be afraid of these international units. They are very easy to translate into gigacalorie, multiplying gigajoules or kilowatt hours by a factor.

All heat meters are capable of self-testing for any errors. The calculator periodically asks all the sensors and, having detected the problem, registers and displays this error on the display, stores all the data about it in the archive.

Errors can occur as a result of:

• temperature sensor malfunction;
• malfunction of the flow sensor;
• unqualified installation of temperature sensors;
• the battery is weak;
• for more than 1 hour, a positive difference in all temperatures is maintained while there is no flow at the same time.

Absolutely all thermal devices record in the archive all information about heat energy, volume, operating time with each error on a certain day of the month. Certain models of such devices allow you to set a specific date for recording the required readings and even the frequency.

The federal law №261 shows that in any house there should be a heat meter, regardless of whether it is profitable or not. The common house heat meter will allow paying all tenants only for the heat energy that was provided directly to this house. The device itself has a rather high cost, but with the total amount of apartments, it will be too high. After installation, the savings will be noticeable immediately, since the amount for the used heat will be considered only in fact. If the device is installed, then for a period of lack of heating for some reason, you can return the money.

In order to install a heat meter in a certain apartment building, as it provides for the law, it is necessary to hold a meeting of all tenants, to record the decision, then to apply in writing to the management organization about connecting the device to their house.

The meter will allow you to pay for the actual amount of heat consumed, but this amount can add to the amount of heating common house area, which fully supports the federal law.

Calculating the amount

There are several options for calculating the payment:

1. The first option is used when the apartment does not have an individual heat device. This happens in apartment buildings that were built in Soviet times. For heating systems at that time, rackmount designs were used. Installing heat meters under such a system accounts for each battery, which is very costly. First, you need to determine the heating factor per 1 m2. The data on the consumption, which fixed the house-building device, is divided into the total area of ​​the building, taking into account all the heated premises. Next, you need to calculate the area of ​​the share of this apartment in the house, add it to the area of ​​the apartment. The result is multiplied by the heating price of 1 m2.
2. In the second version, the law provides for individual heat meters in the apartment. All new buildings built since the beginning of 2000 have horizontal wiring, which allows the use of individual apartment heat meters. In this case, the apartment owners in such a house simply take readings from this device and pay.
3. The third option is if one or two apartments do not have a device, but all others have one. By itself, the heat meter has a fairly high cost, so this device is not installed all.

The law requires the following calculation of the fee:

• the heating flow rate is fixed in accordance with the readings taken from all individual, as well as common-house appliances;
• the difference between the readings of the devices is the cost of the provided heating of the entire common area of ​​the house and apartments that do not have heat meters, based on these data, it is necessary to find out the amount of payment per 1 m2;
• calculates the amount of payment, relying on the area of ​​the apartment, which does not have the device and the constituent share in the whole house.

How to save heat

How, after all, can you save on heating in an apartment without bypassing the law? First you need to install an individual apartment device in combination with chokes. Then the owner of the apartment will pay only the amount of heat energy that is necessary to him, regardless of the behavior and lifestyle of neighbors living in this house.

To implement this installation, you need to mount the device in the place where heating is entered into the apartment. The heat meter must be filled only by employees of the heat supply company, as required by law.

Many owners of apartments with rack heating ask the question: how to resolve the situation with regard to the heat energy used, if installing the device on each battery is very expensive, including installation, maintenance, inspection, repair of appliances? In this situation, a specialized heat distributor can help, a kind of electronic thermometer that records and records the temperature of the radiator and air surface throughout the house. Such a device has a small cost and is very easy to install. Its installation can be made independently, fixing it on the surface of the radiator.

Starting from the thermal capacity of each battery, its temperature and air for a month, as well as the total heat consumption by batteries, the heat energy costs in a certain apartment are calculated. As a result of such events, the owner of the apartment starts to save the costs of consumed heating and pays only his expenses.

A personal heat metering device is a great way to save money, but there are some nuances and rules. Before you put the meter in your apartment, the landlord must get rid of all the heat loss - old obsolete wooden windows, uninsulated doors, cracks under window sills, etc. Only after that the use of the device will be most effective.

One of the important steps on the way to saving budget funds for heating is the organization of heat energy accounting. Accounting for such resources as gas, water and electricity - has long been a common thing for most consumers. At the same time, most thought that heat can not be brought to this line, so installing meters for heating in the apartment for them has become some kind of innovation. How to conduct correct installation  the device of the account of thermal energy? Let's figure it out.

How to establish: individual or common-house?

The options for installing the meter can be two: a general house heat meter or an individual in an apartment. And each option has its advantages and disadvantages.

Option number 1 - general house heat meter.  For tenants of an apartment building, the heat can be accounted for by installing a common house heat meter for heating in a multi-apartment building. By the way, this decision  is the cheapest. After all, the very cost of the meter itself, which is very decent, and the price of its installation will be divided among the owners of flats of a high-rise building. As a result, the amount that will have to pay will not be so high.

Data from the meter is taken out monthly. And the received sum is distributed between apartments accordingly with its area. Also, if the service provider does not comply with the temperature specified in the contract, then according to the law, he is obliged to return the paid money to the residents. But before installing a counter of this type, it is worth keeping some nuances.

To begin with, it is necessary to hold a general house meeting, to interview all those wishing to put a heat meter. It is necessary to discuss the features of the subsequent installation of the heat meter, as well as to choose who will take the meter reading and write out receipts for heating energy. The result of the meeting must be recorded in the minutes, after which a written statement on the desire of tenants to install a heat meter should be sent to the management company.

From the installation side, the most cost-effective are the common house heat meters for heating. But there are a number of points that reduce its effectiveness in saving budget funds in the future. For example, heat loss can arise due to poorly insulated entrances or apartments of other tenants, and for heat it is necessary to pay more.

Option number 2 - individual meters.  Undoubtedly, the arrangement of a common house heat meter is cheaper, but in the future there is no need to expect a special economic effect from it. For this reason, many consumers choose individual heat meters, the installation of which is carried out directly in the apartment. The installation of such a device is much more expensive, but the result from its use is much higher. For the heat you will pay less than on a house-count meter!

It is important to understand how the heating meter works: for each radiator in the apartment a distributor is mounted. Their task is to record the temperature and its fluctuations during the month. Based on these data, the payment for heat energy is calculated.

But before you start any preparatory measures for installing the meter, you need to familiarize yourself with some technical limitations. The heat meter is installed on the riser, which leads to the apartment. Old apartment buildings are often equipped with vertical piping. From this it follows that the apartment may include several risers, each of which needs to be mounted a heat meter, which is very significant for the budget. An exit from such situation can become installation of special counters on radiators of heating.

Manufacturers of heat meters recommend in homes with vertical wiring mount so-called distributors, whose task is to measure the flow of coolant, based on the temperature difference, on the surface of the radiator and in the air of the room.

Buildings where horizontal layout is made, installation of any heat meters is not complicated by anything. Compact devices are installed on the pipe, which supplies the coolant to the living room. Sometimes it happens that heat meters are installed on the return pipeline, they have a different operating principle.

Is it advantageous to install a meter in an apartment?

Set the meter for heating in the apartment is profitable. The owner of the apartment spends money only for the heat that is provided by the heating batteries, without paying for the losses during transportation. In order to save as much as possible, you need to get rid of any possible sources of heat loss as much as possible: insulate the room, install sealed window frames, etc.

Guaranteed can save on payment and return the money spent if:

• get permission to install and specifications from the organization supplying heat;
• notify the person responsible who was elected by the general meeting;
• for the whole apartment it will be possible to install 1 accounting unit;
• document the design documents with the heat supplier;
• hand over the installed device to it in service, after that the device should be sealed.

In fact, it is quite difficult to comply with all the listed items in order to mount a heat meter in an apartment and pay for the supply of heat according to its indications. The most successful option can be a new building, where each apartment has a separate input of heat. And then, there can be various obstacles in the form of various legislative acts. For example, in the Russian Federation there is a decree, which states that the indications of individual heat meters are subject to accounting under the following conditions:

• heat meters should be in all apartments;
• at the input of central heating, a house heat meter must be installed in the house.

Almost all the high-rise buildings of the Soviet era are equipped with a single-tube heating system  from vertical risers. Imagine the number of devices that will have to be placed on each connection to the riser. Permission is also unlikely that you will be extradited, and the refusal will be justified. The riser pipes also produce heat, which the individual counter will not take into account.

If in the house on the stairwells and other technical premises there are heating radiators, then despite the installation of an individual heat meter, you will have to pay your share for their heating. That's step by step you need to coordinate all your actions with the management of AJOAH. The installation work itself is quite a simple step, most of the time it is necessary to spend on the formulation of various approvals and permits.

It is possible to install the heat meter on its own, then complications may arise during its commissioning of the management company. So you can contact the contractor organization, which for a fee will help you solve the issue with the papers.

How to choose the best heat meter?

There are a lot of heat meter types, but 5 types are most suitable for installation in an apartment:

• mechanical (otherwise - tachometric);
• electromagnetic;
• vortical;
• ultrasonic;
• overhead sensors on batteries.

Mechanical heaters are so called from the fact that the flow rate of the coolant is determined by means of an impeller immersed in it. With the help of 2 sensors, which cut into the supply and return pipes, the temperature difference is determined. Based on these data, the calculator outputs the result of the consumption of thermal energy. Heat meters of this type are quite cheap, but they are very demanding on the quality of the coolant.

Organizations involved in the supply of heat do not particularly favor these devices, not so much because of the sensitivity to the quality of the coolant, but because of the fact that, according to experts, this type of devices is poorly protected from external influences by outsiders to understate the readings.

Electromagnetic counters. This type of counter works according to the principle of occurrence electric current  when the coolant passes through a magnetic field. These devices are quite stable and are used successfully. Inaccurate measurements can occur if impurities can appear in the coolant or during the installation the wires are poorly connected.

Vortex heaters. This type of equipment operates on the principle of evaluation of vortices, which are formed beyond the obstacle, which is located in the path of the coolant. It is mounted on both horizontal and vertical pipelines. These meters are very sensitive to the presence of air in the system, and are also demanding on the quality of impurities in the coolant and the quality of welding operations.

For their proper operation, it is necessary to install a magnetic-mesh filter. Deposits inside the pipeline do not interfere with the correct operation of the device. Large requirements for this device show the dimensions of the straight sections of the pipeline before and after the flowmeter.

Ultrasonic heaters have practically no drawbacks. They are not demanding for the quality of the heat carrier, since its flow is determined by ultrasound passing through the working section. The temperature difference is calculated using sensors mounted on the feed and return. The only negative - this device is more expensive than the mechanical one by at least 15%, but the management companies recommend these devices for installation. And this is logical, since it is impossible to intervene in the operation of this device.

Thermometers, mounted on the battery, measure the temperature on its surface and the temperature of the air inside the room. After that, the calculator provides data on the consumed heat, based on the passport data on the heatsink power, which are entered manually.

This type of device is unlikely to be accepted for operation by a company supplying heat energy, but in the presence of a house heat meter, this device will help to more accurately calculate the heat consumed in each apartment, but it should be borne in mind that these appliances should be installed in each room.

Like any meter, the heat meter must have a passport and a certificate. Documents must necessarily indicate the data on the initial verification, which was carried out by the manufacturer. This information should also be indicated on the case of the device in the form of a special brand or sticker. During operation, these devices must necessarily pass periodic verification. Its terms depend on the type of device. On average, verification is performed every four years.

How is it better to install a heat meter?

The simplest solution is the installation of an overhead device, since it does not require the hiring of an appropriate specialist and cutting the pipes. It will be enough to fix the heat meter to the battery. Otherwise, the situation is with the mechanical devices, for the installation of these instruments it is necessary to block the risers, drain the water and dismantle the pipe part. The same situation with ultrasonic devices that cut directly into the pipeline.

As it was mentioned before, before putting this equipment on hand, there should be a permit and a ready project. And in order to avoid problems with the commissioning and payment of the device by the supplier, its installation must be carried out by a licensed company, which will be indicated in the certificate of work performed. Specialists of this company conduct work in accordance with the following stages:

• make a connection project;
• coordinate the necessary documentation with the supplier of thermal energy;
• install a heat meter;
• register the device;
• the device is put into operation, transferring it to the control organization.

If you decide to do this work yourself, first carefully read the instructions of the heat meter. There are recommendations for the installation of the device and its operation, which must be obeyed unconditionally. By the way, ultrasonic and mechanical devices  should be provided with a measuring section of certain dimensions. That is, before and after the instrument must be installed a straight pipe without twists and bends.

The measuring section for the mechanical heat meter must be at least 3 pipe diameters up to the flowmeter and one after. Ultrasonic heaters are more demanding, there the measuring section must be at least 5 diameters before and 3 after the device (these data depend on the manufacturer).

Now let's talk about whether it is possible to mount an individual heat meter on the return pipeline. Most manufacturers make counters that can be installed on any mainline, the main thing is not to interchange the temperature sensors. Usually they are screwed into a tee or a special faucet, equipped with a separate branch pipe for this purpose.

In fact, in countries in the post-Soviet space, it is legal to install and commission an individual heat meter more often, rather difficult. Perhaps, the forces and material resources invested in this device will not be worth the result. Therefore it is recommended, before contacting the organization of individual accounting, it is better to consult with the supplier of thermal energy.

Accounting devices, these are pretty good helpers for those who want to save their money. Anyone who does not want to pay for losses during the transportation of heat, it is recommended to think about installing a heat meter. Moreover, this is not such a difficult task. The main thing is to determine which meter you want to install a house or individual, the rest of the work is better to entrust to professionals.