Installation of heating a private house with their own hands. Installation of heating systems: the list of necessary tools and the order of performance of works

Modern systems of heat supply are difficult, and therefore the installation of heating in the house with their own hands is difficult and sometimes impossible. In the event that the owner of the real estate has the appropriate knowledge and skills of such work, you can install the heating structure yourself, but the calculations must be entrusted to a specialist who will take into account a variety of factors. Otherwise, the price of error will cost the owner of a private house expensive.

In buildings of small size, such as country houses, you can use simpler systems that differ in the ease of implementation.

  Types of heating systems for the home

   The heating circuits, when the installation of the heating system by yourself, are performed differ in several parameters.

So by the number of circuits they can be:

• single-circuit;
• multi-loop.

By number of pipelines:

• single-tube;
• two-pipe. They, in turn, are consecutive or parallel

   The layout, as for single-tube and two-pipe structures, is divided into lower and upper methods.

In addition, private home heating systems are made in vertical or horizontal versions. But most often in practice there are combined systems  heating.

  The choice of heating structure and its installation

   Selecting a specific heating system  and the equipment for it in each specific case differ. Each type of heat supply scheme has both advantages and disadvantages. For example, one-pipe system  less effective than a two-pipe, but it will require less money to equip it.

The installation of heating in a house with own hands is conditionally divided into two stages:

• execution of various calculations;
• installation necessary equipment.

  Settlement by own hands

   The heating system will work efficiently only when it was built taking into account the results of the calculations. It is desirable that this work was done by a heating engineer.

When implementing simple options for equipping the heat supply structure, it is enough to know:

• options gas boiler;
• the number of radiators;
• consumption of materials.

  Calculation of the gas heat generating unit

Approximately determine the capacity of the gas boiler can be based on the area of ​​the house. For heating 10 "squares", 1 kW of power is required.

To obtain more accurate data use the formula:

M = kxOxTr, where

• M - required boiler output;
• k is the heat loss coefficient of the structure;
• тр - the greatest delta of air temperature inside and outside the house.

As for the heat loss coefficient of the building, it can have different values, largely depending on the materials used in the construction of the house:

  Example of calculating the boiler

   To calculate by the above formula, you also need to know the volume of the house and the temperature difference. To determine the first parameter, you must multiply the length, width and height of each room and summarize the results.

   To calculate the second parameter, take the highest heating temperature of the cottage (say, it will be 25 degrees) and the lowest temperature in winter in the region - say - 30 degrees. Now determine the difference between these values ​​of 25 - (-30) = 55 degrees.

   Then you can find out the required capacity of the heating boiler. Let's say that the volume of heated premises in the house is 150 cubic meters, and the coefficient is 2. In this case: 2x150x55 = 16500 W, or 16.5 kW - this is the minimum power of the heat-generating unit.

An example of calculating a boiler does not apply to absolutely accurate calculations, since many factors could not be reflected in it, but when choosing heating equipment, its result can be taken as a basis before installing the heating system itself.

  Calculation of the number of radiators

   Previously, a method for calculating the required boiler output was cited, based on 1 kW of power per 10 "squares" of the area. The same parameter also characterizes the minimum amount of heat, which must be worked out by the unit for each "square" of the area, so that the house can live comfortably.

On average, one battery section gives approximately 150 watts of heat output. On this basis, it is not difficult to calculate the number of sections of the radiator, which will provide heating to each room.

For these calculations, a more accurate formula is used:

M = (П: М1) х100, where

• M is the desired result;
• P is the area of ​​a particular heated room;
• M1 - thermal power  one section.

  Counting the number of required materials

The results of this calculation, which is made before the installation of the heating system itself, does not affect the efficiency of the design, but it allows you to save money significantly, because you will not get the extra materials for its arrangement. But when doing the work yourself will need some of their stock, which must be taken into account in the calculations.

The order of calculations is simple. When deciding how to mount heating in a private house is better, you must first choose the type of scheme for installing the heat supply system (read: ""). Then they indicate the places of installation of the main elements (heating boiler, radiators, combs and others), and then they depict this on a sheet of paper drawing. Finally, they start counting the number of pipes and fittings (nipples, tees, elbows, etc.).

  Works on the installation of the heating structure

On the eve of how to install heating in the house you need to prepare a set of tools:

• powerful drill or perforator;
• a set of spanner keys;
• screwdriver;
• a hammer.

Of the building materials, equipment and products will require the following:

• pipes;
• heating radiators;
• majewski cranes;
• fitting;
• clamps for fastening pipes to walls and screws for them;
• anchor bolts intended for mounting hooks to walls;
• boiler safety group (more detailed: "");
• hooks for mounting radiators;
• for steel or aluminum heating devices  special fasteners are required;
• if necessary, different controls and sensors;
• expansion tank (also in case of need).

   After completing the calculations and locating the main structural elements, they begin to install it independently (more: ""). As for the installation of gas heating equipment on its own, it is strictly prohibited.

   Proper installation of heating in the house is possible only on condition that it is performed by highly qualified specialists who work in the relevant gas services. In addition, it is impossible to install a gas boiler with one's own hands, because the gas supply must be carried out directly through the meter (read also: "").

The layout of the heating system in the house may differ in content. The presence of many elements depends on the type of heating boiler. This device often contains a variety of safety devices, such as an air vent, pressure gauge and others. In addition, some models of boilers not only serve for heating, but also heat water for household needs. A system with such a heat-generating unit does not need a water-heating boiler.

To free the system from the air that gets into it, the Mayevsky cranes are mounted on the batteries (if an automatic air blower is not installed on the boiler). Before starting the piping, the radiator is fitted with a fitting in the form of a corner or a faucet. Then they begin to assemble the pipeline.

  Pipeline laying

   The way in which the pipeline is installed depends largely on the choice of pipe type.

When it is copper pipes (see photo), then they are connected in one of the following ways:

Compression fitting for copper pipes  The first type consists of:

First, when working with copper products  cut an element of the desired length and remove pieces of copper from the end. Then, with the help of a calibrator, align the pipe to make it round in diameter. This operation is performed after the pipe has been cut. Then the product is inserted into the fitting until it stops. Now just tighten the nut. First such work is done by hands, and then, using the keys. There is nothing terrible in the fact that the pipe is slightly deformed.

When working with second type fittings, the pipes are connected using a special sealing cone. The principle of this action is based on the fact that copper has the property of "sticking" to those surfaces to which they are pressed with effort.

   At the moment when the nut is tightened, the cone is firmly pressed against the inner part of the pipe, while its outer part is pressed with the sealing end.

   The sequence of actions is as follows: first, before the calibration, the same as in the first case. Then they put a clamping nut on the pipe, and with the help of the mandrel the end is flared. Then insert the cone and clamp the structure. The tightening circuit does not change.

In conclusion, it should be noted once again that it will be problematic to perform the installation without the skills of installing the heating systems.

The choice and installation of heating systems is a topic in which the homeowner must understand well, even if he decided to entrust these tasks to specialists.

Otherwise, heating the home can be not only unreasonably expensive, but also ineffective.

Especially it is necessary to study this issue, if you intend to perform the installation of the heating system of a private house with your own hands. We hope that our article will prove to be a worthy assistant in this most important case.

Within the framework of this article, we will only consider water heating, since other types are electric and air heating  - due to significant shortcomings are used very rarely.

Instead of water, other heat transfer media can be used - oil or antifreeze, so it's more appropriate to speak not of "water heating" but of "systems with a liquid coolant".

They can be classified on several grounds.

To begin with, consider these varieties:

1. Radiator heating: a traditional option, familiar to everyone without exception. The heating circuit consists of radiators, installed, as a rule, under the windows and connected by pipes.
2. System "warm floor": this type of heating was used not very long ago, when it became possible to buy quality polymer pipes. The role of the radiator is played by the floor, in the construction of which a pipe with a coolant is laid with a "snake" or a spiral.

Radiator heating has several versions:

1. Single pipe system:  the most simple and inexpensive solution is to connect the radiators in series, as if strung them on a single pipe. However, with this design it will not be possible to regulate the heat transfer of the radiators individually. In addition, those that are most remote from the heat generator will be almost cold.
2. Two-pipe:  you can act trickier: stretch two pipes around the perimeter of the room - "feed" and "return", and connect the radiators between them in a parallel scheme. Pipes will be needed more than with a single-pipe circuit, but for that the system will be more practical.
3. Collector (beam):  the most expensive option. From a single distributor to each radiator a separate pipe is laid. In the same way, the "return" pipelines are also being laid, connected to the second - the collector - the collector.

The liquid coolant can move along the contour due to convection ( natural circulation) or due to the operation of the pump (forced).

What kind of heating should I choose?

The most advantageous type of heating is the "warm floor" system.

Due to the fact that the coolant has a relatively low temperature, and the heated air has little contact with the outer walls, it is characterized by the least heat loss.

But the "warm floors" have a significant drawback: the coolant in them can not move due to convection - too much hydraulic resistance of the circuit.

Nessesary to use circulation pump, respectively, when the power supply is cut off, the heating system will be inoperative.

Therefore, underfloor heating is advisable to use in living rooms as an additional system, but in rooms where comfortable temperature is not so important and there are significant heat losses (hall, corridor, hallway) as the main one.

In residential rooms, the function of the main heating system is most often assigned to the radiator two-pipe system. This is the best option for combining price and practicality.

The collection system is more convenient to operate and easier to balance, but it also can not work without a circulation pump, and also requires hidden gasket  pipes. There are so many of them that, when laid open, the interior of the room will be hopelessly damaged.

Today, the radiator system must be equipped with a circulation pump.

Scheme of work open system  heating with forced circulation

This gives several benefits:

• Heating can be operated in a low-temperature mode (the need for this arises in the off-season).
• Due to the slight temperature difference between the "feed" and the "return" the boiler operates under sparing conditions, which has a positive effect on the service life.
• After idle, the circuit warms up quickly enough.

But at the same time the system is made so that it can work in the mode of natural circulation, that is, it is non-volatile. To this end:

• large diameter pipes are used;
• stack them with large slopes.

At the beginning of the circuit, immediately after the boiler, an overhead collector is made-the vertical section of the pipe that goes under the ceiling.

What is necessary for the installation of heating?

In addition to the standard set of tools, which includes roulette, marker (for marking), pliers, hammer, etc., you will need the following:

• water level: to give the pipes the necessary bias (the laser level will not work as well, since a part of the pipe can be hidden by a wall);
• a pipe (gas) key, in most cases No. 2;
• a set of locating wrench size from 8 to 30 mm;
• bulgarian;
• punch.

For cutting metal-plastic pipes need a pipe cutter. Polypropylene pipes are also better to cut with a pipe cutter (it differs from "metal-plastic" pipes), and for their welding it is necessary to acquire a special soldering iron.

If you intend to use polypropylene pipes  reinforced with aluminum foil, then you need a scraper - a tool for stripping foil on the welded site.

If, for the sake of economy, you decide to purchase polypropylene pipes from a little-known manufacturer, choose fiberglass reinforced products.

They do not need to be cleaned up, but most importantly - they are manufactured using a simpler technology than the foil ones, which means that the risk of jumping on defective products will be less.

The order of work

If everything is ready, you can proceed with the installation. Here are its main stages:

Boiler installation

Connection of the heat generator to the gas supply system can be carried out only by the employee of the gas sector, but the user has the right to do everything else on his own. First of all, you need to choose the right place for the boiler. It should stand closer to the chimney, so that the length of the connecting pipe does not exceed 25 cm. The cross-sectional area of ​​the chimney must be no less than that of the smoke outlet of the boiler.

The room volume should be at least 15 cubic meters. m, and with a boiler output exceeding 75 kW - 0.2 cubic meters each. m per kilowatt.

Heating scheme with gas boiler

The room should have a window, the minimum area of ​​which is determined from the calculation of 0.03 square meters. m per each cube. m volume.

The boiler room should receive fresh air - directly from the street or through an adjacent room, for example, through the kitchen.

Connect the polymer pipes directly to the boiler. Between them and the heat generator should be a metal section with a length of at least 3 m.

  The choice of a heating system is a responsible step. This affects the efficiency and costs of heating the room. - see a brief overview of the existing schemes.

In which cases is an expansion tank needed for heating, read.

Video on the topic

"GALAN-INSTALL" is always at your service

Repair work and installation of heating systems should be carried out before the start heating season. The service life of such systems is not calculated for one decade, of course, in the event that all the work is done qualitatively. Therefore, for installation, commissioning and start-up of the heating system, highly skilled specialists are needed. In addition, the customer is interested in the correct calculation of the estimate. Firms-one-day, which abounds in the construction market, often offer services at inadequate prices. As a result, the client not only overcharges, but also gets a "headache", which ends in the dismantling of the system. Along with this, lower prices are also offered, but the result remains the same because of the poor quality of the materials and equipment used.

Each room is individually: with its own ventilation and air circulation system, so the approach to installing the heating system is individual for each house. Our task, as specialists, is to find the optimal solution in each individual case.

The work on installing the heating system begins with an introduction to the heated room. Our specialist goes to the site, takes measurements and prepares a preliminary estimate. Of course, we take into account the possible wishes of the client. After calculating the estimate, it is worthwhile to pay attention to the fact that the total amount corresponds to the installation on a turn-key basis, and not to the installation of a separate unit. After approval of the estimate, installation and start-up of the system are carried out in the shortest possible time.

Using our services, you get:

• Guarantee for a period of 1 year.
• Qualified post-warranty service.
• Individual approach when calculating the system, taking into account all the features of the object.

The right choice of materials and calculations - a guarantee that when operating a heating system you will not run into unforeseen expenses. The quality of life in the room depends on the quality of the heating system.

For a cottage, office or apartment - heating systems are significantly different. They are carefully thought through and calculated, so that the building is not damped, but remains livable and comfortable, even at the lowest temperatures possible in our latitudes.

For each object, taking into account all the nuances, a scheme of the system is created, so that the room is heated in the best way. Installation is performed by highly qualified specialists, using the most modern materials and equipment.

Installation of heating

The company installs heating at sites with an area of ​​20 square meters. The project is pre-designed by the company's engineers. The installation works are carried out in full accordance with the design documentation.

Of the variety of possible options for heating a house or a cottage, the most optimal one is selected, and it is best if the heating system is thought through at the stage of the construction project and the heating system project is ready even before the walls are erected. This approach will help to maximally adapt the system in the context of the design of the room.

The power of the boiler itself is calculated based on the heated area, ceiling height, thickness and wall material (brick, concrete, aerated concrete, etc.). The same parameters are taken into account when selecting the type of fuel for the boiler (electricity, gas, diesel fuel, etc.). After choosing the boiler, when its geometry is already known, the place of installation, the type of fuel, etc. - a scheme of thermal lines is developed, the type of radiators and the location of their installation are selected. This is the most important stage, during which errors are possible leading to problems of operating the heating system.

When designing, it is also necessary to take into account the type of circulation in the heating system:

• Natural circulation. The coolant in the gravitational system is water or antifreeze. The circulation through the pipes is due to a change in the density of the hot and cold filler (water or antifreeze) in the supply and return lines.
• Forced circulation. The heat carrier passes the circulation pump through the pipes.

The choice of system should take into account its features.

Stages of design

• Step 1: Identify needs.  Depending on the functions of the room, the heating system carries its own tasks, and can be modified. For example, in the bathroom there is enough towel-warmer, in the children's room and bedroom it is appropriate to install a system of "warm floor", in the kitchen there is enough radiator, etc.
• Stage 2: Design.The design of the heating system completely repels the features of the object. All engineering documentation is prepared by the company's engineers. It is specialists who decide what circulation will be in the system. They calculate the boiler output, the length of the pipeline, the number and location of the radiators, etc.
• Step 3: Prev installation work. Before installation of the main equipment, laying pipes are laid. Modern heating systems use pipes made of cross-linked polyethylene and reinforced polypropylene. This material is wear-resistant, is designed for long years of service and has an excellent heat dissipation. Pipes are easy to assemble.
• Step 4: Install the boiler.  It is best to provide a room for the boiler even at the design stage of the house. If the premise was not provided in advance, then it is necessary to choose just a suitable room for an electric or gas boiler. Only qualified specialists can install the boiler. The safety and operability of the equipment depend on the quality of the installation.
• Step 5: Installation of radiators. The batteries are attached to the sills on the brackets that come with them in the kit. When installing, it is important to maintain the following distances:
• from the window sill to the upper plane of the radiator - about 8 cm;
• from the floor to the bottom plane of the radiator - not less than 10 cm;
• from the wall to the surface of the radiator - not less than 4 cm.

Install radiators horizontally, so that the upper plane runs parallel to the sill.

• Step 6: Check the equipment.After installation, the correctness of mounting of all units is checked and the test start of the heating system

Cost of installation

The engineering part is the most expensive component of a modern country house. In this context, it is necessary to approach with particular care the choice of the installation organization and, of course, the equipment. The cost of installation can also affect the season: from August to November - the price for installing heating systems can rise by 2 times. The cost of the equipment itself depends on the brand and the degree of automation.

System with natural circulation

The main advantage of the system is that it does not depend on electricity, because the circulation is bypassed without a pump. Unfortunately, this type of system is not designed for large areas. Use of natural circulation systems is recommended in one- and two-story residential buildings, with an area of ​​not more than 150 square meters.

The temperature in the system is regulated by changing the boiler's output, which in principle is morally obsolete.

Pipes to install the system are needed large section, that is, wider and more expensive than for a system with forced circulation. During installation it is important to observe all angles of gradients. As a result of these factors, the total cost of equipment is doubled. In some cases, it is necessary to install an open tank in order to compensate for the thermal expansion of the coolant, which contacts the atmosphere of the room, evaporating and saturating with oxygen. The abundance of oxygen in the iron pipes will cause corrosion from the inside, which means rapid wear. Used for such systems are obsolete cast-iron radiators, which not only spoil the appearance, but also are resistant to temperature changes, so it is very difficult to adjust the desired temperature. Modern radiators for this type of system are not suitable.

Systems with forced circulation

More common systems at the moment. The presence of the pump allows the installation of pipes with a smaller cross-section, which is more economical. In general, systems with forced circulation of a closed type: the liquid does not come into contact with oxygen, the inner surface of the pipes does not corrode by corrosion. In such systems modern radiators are used, a large area is heated in comparison with the natural circulation system. Adjust the heat supply separately on each radiator. Batteries are used aluminum, bimetallic, in the form of steel panels, tubular radiators, designer radiators.

If you are building or are going to build vacation home, sooner or later you will have to solve the problem of choosing the type of heating, as well as how to perform the installation of heating systems. The present material is devoted to the consideration of these questions.

Types of heating

For a long history of mankind, a lot of different methods of heating have been invented, they will all simply be listed rather difficult, but some of them should be specially noted.

One of the oldest ways to heat a home. The most popular in places located, as they say, in the "outback". It differs by its simplicity, availability and rather large versatility regarding the choice of fuel type, as well as other, additional ways of using furnaces.

Air heating

Sufficiently popular type of home heating. Can be executed as:

• centralized when hot air through the duct system is fed to different rooms from a single center;
• local, by installing special heating appliances, such as Bullerjan stoves, Butakov and other similar ones, capable of heating individual rooms.

Such a method allows quick heating of the premises, but without touching all its advantages and disadvantages, it is necessary to note the decrease in the oxygen content in the heated air. Oven heating can be considered one of the types of air.

Electric heating

Universal, public heating. Allows the use of automated temperature controls, while being highly effective. The main issue related to the use of such a method of heating is the cost of electricity.

Water heating

One of the most frequently used methods of heating living quarters. It can be considered as a universal type of heating both for fuel types and for capabilities. In this regard, it should be noted that it can be realized both with the help of special heating devices (radiators of heating, convectors, etc.), and with the help of so-called "warm floors".

What kind of heating should I choose?

Trying to determine what will be the heating of your house, it is worth paying special attention to the fuel for which it is designed. As a rule, the main gas is considered to be the best. But it is possible to use other types of fuel, the installation of heating systems, and water, including, very often implies the use of such types of fuel as:

• liquid (diesel oil);
• solid (firewood, peat, coal, etc.);
• gas.

Another factor that determines the choice of heating is its autonomy, i.e. The ability to work without additional external resources, for example, the same electricity.

So, after installing the heating and water supply systems, which use natural water circulation, you can be sure that even in the absence of electricity for one reason or another, the heating of your house will not be disturbed.

Of course, there are other factors that need to be considered, determining what kind of heating system will be, but in any case it is only your choice.

Water heating, what you need to know and what you need to install it

It happens with natural and forced circulation. It is also worth noting that the system can be open and closed type. And as the coolant most often used water or, for example, antifreeze. Usually, the heating system is closed with water.

Water heating, natural circulation

As already noted, the dignity of such heating will be complete autonomy. It is enough to have a source of water supply and an affordable type of fuel for the operation of such heating. True, installing a heating system of this type requires mandatory compliance with certain requirements:

• the boiler must be placed at the lowest point of the coolant circulation circuit;
• heating pipes must be of a large cross section;
• installation of the heating system must be carried out with a slope, i.e. the pipes must have a slope towards the radiators and the heating boiler so that the coolant flows by gravity;
• a limited area (up to one hundred and fifty square meters), which can be heated using a similar method.

Water heating, forced circulation

In this case, the heating system installation circuit includes a circulation pump. Due to it there is no need to adhere to the requirements described above, the whole system becomes more universal and can work in any conditions.

The advantage of this type of heating is the fact that it has no restrictions on the size of the heated area. In addition, the heating efficiency of such a heating system is much higher.

What is necessary for the installation of heating?

In order to create self-contained heating, you need:

• Heating boiler. They can be designed for a different type of fuel (gas, liquid or solid) and for different capacities. The required power must be determined in accordance with the size of the heated area and the possible loss of heat. When choosing a boiler it is necessary to take into account the use for household needs hot water. To be able to do this it is necessary to select a dual-circuit boiler.
• Heating radiators. By and large, the type of radiator (aluminum, cast iron or other material) does not matter. Best of all, when they have the ability to install additional sections and are designed to connect to the chosen pipe diameter.

• Pipes. To date, the choice of their possible type is quite extensive. It can be steel (obsolete, requiring constant maintenance and replacement), plastic, copper, etc. The most commonly used are metal-plastic ones, which are cheap and do not require special skills for their installation.
• Cranes, fittings, manifold distributors, filters. Elements that allow to connect separate parts into a single system, ensuring its normal functioning and the possibility of carrying out the necessary adjustments.
• Expansion tank. When heated, the water expands and to compensate for this expansion and exclude the rupture of pipes, it is needed.
• Circulation pump. Heating boilers of some models have a built-in pump, but if it does not, you will have to put in addition.

What can be the installation of water heating

When considering the task of how to mount a heating system, it must be taken into account that it can be performed different ways. This can be either single-pipe or double-tube heating.

Single-pipe circuit  connection of the heating system is designed to pass the coolant in series through all the radiators and then return it to the heating boiler. Due to the fact that fewer pipes are required to implement this approach, the heating connection system is therefore cheaper. In addition, for the same reason, the cost of installing a heating system is also less.

Two-pipe technology for installing a heating system is designed to supply and drain the coolant to each battery. In this case, more pipes are required to carry out the work, and the cost of installing the heating system will be higher because of the increased workload.

For more information on the various types of heating and how to properly install the heating system, you can learn from the video

The order of work

The sequence of installation of the heating system takes into account the performance of such works:

1. Design, calculation and selection of necessary equipment.
2. Installing the boiler.
3. Installation of a radiator, installation of pipes and the necessary additional equipment.
4. Check the operation of the system and test it.

How to perform the installation?

Autonomous heating is a rather complicated system, and when it is created, it is necessary to take into account a large number of factors that many people have not even heard of. Designing and correct installation  Heating systems are guaranteed to be obtained if you entrust it to organizations and firms engaged in this professionally. Then the installation of a turn-key heating system will be provided to you.

In many cases, such organizations perform a selection and purchase of necessary equipment, and not just its installation. You will only have to sign the act on the installation of the heating system after the work is completed, and you can expect that everything will be done in accordance with the requirements of SNIP. As a rule, everything is agreed upon at the stage of concluding the contract, at the same time an estimate is made for the installation of the heating system and other necessary works.

Another option for heating will be the invitation of private craftsmen. In this case, the prices for installation of the heating system will be lower, but there is a possibility that in the future you will not be able to find these masters to eliminate the identified remarks.

It is not necessary to exclude the option of independent installation of independent heating in the house. There are a lot of training materials and courses to do this work. In this case, the cost of the entire system will be determined only by the costs of purchasing materials and equipment.

Considering the possibility of creating independent heating, it is necessary to take into account a lot of different factors that should ensure in the future reliable operation of all heating, and also determine what you see the future heating system and what you want to get after doing all the necessary work.

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A warm cozy house is the dream of all owners of private estates. Effective heating in the cold season depends on the weight of the conditions, from the quality of the thermal insulation of the building and ending with the correspondence of the boiler's capacity to the area of ​​the premises. A key factor in the successful solution of a complex task is a competent and professional installation  heating systems. A sign of high-grade performance of works - unhindered supply of coolant to radiators and an operational "return" without stagnation of water in the pipes.

How to start the installation of the heating system

Laying any communications in the house or apartment is quite a complicated engineering task. Qualitative work is impossible without accurate initial calculations, during which the main parameters of the future miniature heating network are determined:

• calculation of heated area;
• determination of necessary power  a boiler and the number of radiators in the rooms, sections in each of them;
• justification for installation additional systems  heating - economic and auxiliary premises, stairs, winter garden, veranda, etc .;
• calculation of the required quantity of consumables.

It is most rational to combine the installation of heating, water supply and sewerage systems during the construction or repair. In general, they constitute a network of intra-house communications and are interconnected. Therefore, it is worthwhile initially to think about where the equipment will be installed, pipes are laid, technological wells are made. In the future, a prudent step will save from annoying lining during the establishment of communications and unpleasant surprises in the process of operation.

If necessary, a water-heated floor is also included in the common heating system

Which is better: natural or forced circulation of the coolant

Special attention  give the choice of the principle of heating by the type of circulation of the coolant:

• natural;
• forced.

The first method is used less and less often. it is irrational and delivers a lot of trouble when installing a heating system. The basic condition - the location of the boiler below the level of communications. This creates pressure for water to enter the heating system. To put it mildly, this is not very convenient and requires additional work to install the boiler at the right level and in a certain place. The pipes themselves are laid at an angle, and here it is important to calculate the optimal degree of inclination.

It is much more reasonable to prefer a system with forced circulation of the coolant. The pressure in this case is ensured by the inclusion of an electric pump in the general chain. Water evenly fills the pipes, and, regardless of distance from the boiler, the temperature of heating the radiators is the same - the liquid just does not have time to cool down. In addition, in order to optimize the cost of heat, it is possible to install water flow regulators for each radiator.

IMPORTANT TO KNOW: The installation of a heating system by one's own hands should be carried out only with practical experience in carrying out such work.

Modern system  heating - a complex engineering design

How to prepare for installation work

After the scheme of future communications is developed and adopted, the practical part of the installation of the in-house heating network starts. The main components of the future system are, as a rule, the following:

• heating boiler, which operates from various energy sources: gas, electricity, solid or liquid fuels, combined device;
• a circular electric pump designed to maintain pressure in the network;
• expansion tank for accumulation of surplus heat carrier;
• radiators of heating - the quantity and capacity are determined depending on the area of ​​the room;
• pipes - currently used for installation of heating and water supply systems are polypropylene products, but they vary in their properties, and you need to buy those intended for heating;
• fittings, taps, filters collector distributors - additional elements by means of which all the components of the domestic heat network are connected.

In addition to this equipment and consumables, metal pipes - short fragments for laying in the walls, as well as an angle grinder, a perforator or a drill with a percussion mechanism. In addition, you will have to stock up on a set of keys, including a draw-off and a gas key, do not forget about the recruitment of other locksmith tools.

IMPORTANT TO KNOW: To achieve better heat dissipation, the master is advised to purchase aluminum or bimetallic radiators.

For the installation of radiators and communications laying will have to stock up a special tool and patience

Which scheme of communication laying to choose

At the stage of selection of equipment and consumables are finally determined with the scheme of installation of the heating system of the house. There are two options - one-pipe and two-pipe. In the first case, the chain is serial connection  pipes and radiators. Under pressure, a coolant is supplied to the network, fills the system and returns back. Laying and connecting such communications is much easier than working with a two-pipe circuit. However, there are significant drawbacks:

• uneven heating of radiators - the farther from the boiler, the colder the battery;
• the inability to individually adjust the temperature in each radiator - so you can save energy and establish a regime that is optimal for a particular room.

Two-pipe installation of the heating system of a private house takes into account these parameters. With this scheme, the coolant is supplied to each radiator, and the return flow of the coolant to the boiler is from the battery.

Single-pipe network is suitable for small houses, where heat loss during the flow of coolant along the chain will be small. But for buildings with an area of ​​more than 100 square meters. m or two-three-level houses such heating method will not work and will be ineffective.

IMPORTANT TO KNOW: On the radiators necessarily provide a crane Mayevsky - it is necessary for the release of air, the penetration of which is possible inside the communications.

For convenience it is desirable to install manifold pipes of different colors - red denote the supply of coolant, cold - return flow

How to properly perform installation work

Installation of the heating system in a private house is carried out in a clear sequence. Violation of the order of work is fraught with serious rework or even the failure of expensive equipment. Schematically, the process can be represented as follows:

• installation and connection of the boiler;
• hanging radiators on pre-prepared brackets;
• laying of pipes;
• installation of the expansion tank of the heating system and the circular electric pump in the places designated for this purpose;
• connection of all components in a single circuit using fittings and other additional elements;
• implementation of commissioning.

With a two-pipe system, the collector heating system is also installed - switchgear  with terminals for connecting pipes and various heating appliances. This is a kind of "shield" that sorts all the connections.

It is worth noting that even at the design stage of the house or reconstruction during major repairs it is desirable to allocate a separate room - a mini-boiler room - for the installation of the boiler and heating equipment. All devices will be concentrated in one place and protected from extraneous interference. This is also important in terms of fire safety.

IMPORTANT TO KNOW: The volume of the expansion tank must be at least 10% of the total volume of all heaters.

Expansion tank  - an integral part of the domestic heat network

How to avoid errors when installing heating equipment

Errors in the installation of heating systems - a common phenomenon, if the case is taken by people who do not have enough experience. The best way to prevent miscalculations when drawing up an estimate, designing a scheme and at the stage of installing equipment, is to contact the masters of your case. In this case, the costs for the work of professionals will become a reliable investment in the problem-free and long-term operation of the system.

You can spend a lot of time studying the benefits and trying to figure out how to mount the heating system yourself. And you can rely on those who have already become a real guru of their business. Skilled professionals will perform necessary calculations, develop practical recommendations for the placement of equipment, will assist in the purchase of a boiler, pipes, radiators and fittings.

Ultimately, the costs will be optimized, and the quality of work will exceed all expectations. But most importantly - the house will come warmly, and it will be comfortable even in the coldest cold.

Video: basic errors in mounting the heating system