Internal arrangement of the pumping station. Design features and operating principle

Pumping station with ejector is the basis of any autonomous water supply system. After all, it is this unit that "generates" the pressure of the water pipeline, "transporting" the liquid from the deep well to the surface - to the consumer.

Moreover, the effective operation of the station, equally, guarantees all the nodes of its design, but only one element - the ejector - is responsible for the possibility of transporting water from a considerable depth (more than 10 meters). Without it, the station would only pump water from a 7-meter well.

Therefore, in this article, we will consider the construction and the process of manufacturing a self-made ejector. This information will help you increase the efficiency of your unit.

Ejector for pumping station - design and typical types of unit

The ejector is a very important device capable of increasing the head in the supply line, due to the energy of the "fast" flow, which moves along a special branch.

Technically, it looks like this:

• The supply pipe is connected to the left branch pipe of the T-shaped mixing chamber.
• To the lower branch pipe of the camera, connect the tube, on which the high-speed flow moves. And the tube itself (and the branch pipe) is much thinner than the feeding pipeline.
• The right branch pipe is designed as a diffuser, in which both flows (supply and speed) are mixed.

After mixing, because of the difference in velocities and energies in the chamber, there is a rarefaction accelerating the flow of liquid in the supply (left) pipeline.

And this camera - in fact it is an ejector - can be mounted, either in the same housing with a pump, or separately. Accordingly, this installation scheme divides the range of ejectors into external and internal devices.

At the same time, productivity pumping station  is determined precisely by the location of the ejector. After installations with an internal ejector pump water only from 7-10 meters. A remote ejector takes out water even from a 40-meter well.

But the energy efficiency of the pumping station will be better if it is equipped with an integrated ejector. Since the pumping station with the remote ejector demonstrates efficiency (efficiency) at the level of 30-35 percent.

And the built-in ejector is very noisy, and the external - it works almost silently.

Of course, these advantages and disadvantages influenced both the configuration and the choice of the location of the pumping station. As a result, external ejectors put on deep wells, adding to the powerful motors installed inside the house. Internal ejectors connect to relatively "weak" motors (lack of power is compensated for by high efficiency), located outside the house - in the extension, and serving shallow wells.

Self-made ejector manufacturing: process overview

To manufacture the ejector on its own we will need a set of available parts, which will include the following fittings and coupling elements:

• Tee - it will serve as the basis for the device being designed.
• Socket - it will be used as a high-pressure flow conduit.
• Couplings and bends - using these elements, we will assemble the ejector and connect the resulting device to the system.

And the self-made ejector for the pumping station is assembled from the above-described parts in the following order:

• We take a tee whose ends are designed for threaded installation. And the thread on all the ends is internal.
• In the lower part of the tee screw the union, the outlet branch pipe up. That is, the stem of the union must be screwed into the tee, placing the outlet (small diameter) outlet inside the ejector base. And the branch pipe should not stick out from the opposite end of the tee. And if it is too long, then it is polished. Accordingly, the short choke is built up with a polymer tube. The distance from the end of the tee to the end of the fitting should be 2-3 millimeters.
• To the top of the tee (located above the union) an adapter is attached, one end of which is designed for external thread (it is screwed into the base of the future ejector), and the second is equipped with a crimping fitting metal-plastic pipe, on which water will be transported (beyond the ejector) from the well.
• In the lower part of the tee, where the fitting is already screwed in, it is necessary to screw in another fitting - the elbow (elbow) to which the recirculation pipe will be attached (and fastened with a crimping nut). Therefore, before mounting, the lower (threaded) part of the union is grinded, up to three or four thread threads.
• In the lateral branch, twist the second corner, ending with a collet clamp for mounting the supply pipeline, along which there is water  from the source.

Threaded connections are mounted on the PCB (polymer seal). If polyethylene is used as a pipe, then instead of collet fittings for metal-plastic, crimping elements are used, calculated for the effect of the reverse shrinkage of polyethylene. At the same time, you can save on corners - pipes made of cross-linked polyethylene are bent in any direction and at any angle.

After assembling the self-made ejector, it must be connected to the pumping station. And, if the specified device is connected outside the well - we have a pumping station with an "internal" ejector. Well, if the ejector plunges directly into the mine, "diving" under the water, then we have a pumping station with an external ejector.

And in the latter case, the collected instrument will have to connect at once three pipes:

• The first one is to the lateral end of the tee. It should sink almost to the very bottom, and to its end is to attach a strainer in the body-glass. On this pipe flows with (for the present) a small head.
• The second one is to the lower end of the tee. It will be connected to the pressure line leaving the pumping station. As a result, a stream appears in the ejector, moving at a high speed.
• Third - to the upper butt. It will be brought to the surface by connecting it to the suction port of the pump. The flow will flow through this tube with the head, which is enlarged due to the ejector.

In this case, the first pipe will go under the water entirely, and the second and third will leave the water on the surface.

Almost everyone who has ever directly participated in organizing the arrangement of autonomous independent water supply has occasionally encountered problems regarding the insufficient level of water supplied by the suction pump.

On the subject of physics, we definitely know and understand that such a factor as the pressure is capable of supplying the liquid as much as possible from nine-meter depths, but in fact, such an indicator is much smaller, which in fact amounts to about seven and sometimes five meters of high-grade filing.

The station that can increase the pressure of the water flow will solve the problem. Specialized equipment intended for such purposes is produced by modern industry, which is part of pumping stations.

Ejector for pumping station

From the article presented to you, you will learn in detail about the principles of the operation of such specialized equipment as a station with an ejector, as well as all the nuances and aspects regarding their application. In addition, ways will be considered for the possible manufacture of such equipment by independent forces with appropriate instructions and recommendations, through which you can achieve this goal.

Water supply station with ejector

Device. Operating principle

The ejector is essentially a device that transfers energy from one more fluid medium to another, which is less mobile. In the narrowing sections of the aggregate, a special lower pressure zone is formed, which thus provokes an additional medium. Thus, it is possible to move and remove from the suction points, due to the interaction of the original medium.

The units equipped with an internal format ejector are designed specifically for specialized pumping fluids from a relatively shallow type of wells, the depth of which does not exceed eight meters, as well as various reservoirs for dedicated storage purposes or reservoirs.

The distinctive feature of this interaction is the capture of liquids, which is located at a lower level from the nozzle. Proceeding from this, the pre-filling of the unit with water will be required. The working wheel will inject fluid that will redirect it to the ejector, resulting in the formation of an ejector jet.

It will move along a specialized tube and accelerate. Naturally, the pressure will decrease. Due to this effect and inside the suction chamber, it will decrease.

One of the varieties of such surface aggregates is a pumping station with an ejector. They differ in that the external element is immersed in a water supply source. Typically, the scope of such devices is similar to their counterparts. A certain difference lies in the different depths of use and application.

  Pumping station with remote ejector

Manufacturing

It is quite possible to produce a simple device-assembly by independent forces. For this, some details, such as a special diameter tee and a fitting that will be located inside it, are required. It is necessary to observe the correct ratio of length, which should not be more or less, which will not allow the device to function normally. For fastening, you need a special adapter, equipped with corners, which will allow you to make the right turn.

The creation process involves several defined points, which includes the process of preparing the required nipple itself. Part of a special 6-faced specimen should be grinded, which will allow it to have a special cone, which has a base smaller than the external thread in diameter. After that, the deformed part should be corrected with a specialized threading tool.

The coupling must be screwed to the full stop in the tee piece. Extremely attentively observe when connecting the ratio of length, which is a fairly important factor. Be sure to seal the joint with any available sealant.

Check the ratio of manufactured parts, and then from the pre-prepared samples, you should organize a specialized adapter, which is designed for equipping on the pipe.

Qualitatively assembled station will provide a sufficiently long and trouble-free work, thanks to its simple constructiveness, but, naturally, you must be extremely accurate in manufacturing. If you do not want to be so interested in such a manufacture, you can simply purchase it in specialized stores, where there is always a pumping station in free sale.

Stations with built-in ejector - how to apply

A station is used to increase the head, which also excludes the possibility of premature failure of the unit, which provides the supply, since it may cause an idling. The presence of such an element in the system will exclude it, why it is recommended for mandatory integration into the system, regardless of the possible depth of the source.

Timely equipping with an ejector station will save you from additional costs and possible nerves in case of possible failure of more expensive equipment of the system, which it will simply prevent, providing full and uninterrupted functionality for a long time.

The equipment that supplies water from wells is of two types: pumping station with remote ejector and built-in. Let's consider features of each of variants, that correctly to pick up the unit for itself.

The model with integrated ejector is characterized by a high degree of reliability in operation. It easily reaches the nominal water pressure, pumping water from shallow wells.

Features of functioning

The main parts of the pump station design with the remote ejector are at the top, and the device itself is transported to the bottom of the well. The drawbacks of this model include a small coefficient of efficiency and sensitivity to water with large impurities.

Pumping stations in which there is a remote ejector are used to supply water from a depth of 30 to 55 m. The apparatus with a separate ejector does not differ in anything from the usual pump unit. One difference is that two pipes come out of the well, on one of them an ejector is built, forming a system of "Venturi", thanks to which such a powerful water injection takes place.

The principle of the Venturi system is that the external ejector is lowered into the well and the pump is connected to two pipes: one of them is suction and the other is a return pipe. At their ends, an ejector is fixed which produces a deep suction effect with a borehole diameter of at least 100 mm.

Scope of application

Such an aggregate ensures the rise of water in the structure when the pressure is raised, it allows watering the garden and the private plot. The pump, like the ejector, is made of cast iron. Its working circle is made of brass, the rotor is made of stainless steel, the sealing is ensured by the use of a graffiti-ceramic cord.

For more efficient operation of the device, it needs to create a certain pressure for the circulation of water. For such cases it is desirable to install a diaphragm tank, which will ensure that all conditions are met for the correct

Practice shows that not every owner a country house  or giving there is a possibility of connection to the central water supply. In such situations, underground sources of life-giving moisture come to the rescue, which can be found easily. However, having found groundwater, it is often possible to encounter such a problem as the considerable depth of their occurrence - from 7 to 10 meters.

Ejector helps to facilitate the rise of life-giving moisture on the surface

In such cases, an ejector for a pumping station is used, a device capable of facilitating the rise of water to the surface. Thanks to him, it is not necessary to purchase expensive and cumbersome equipment with increased capacity. For this reason, the use of ejector in systems autonomous water supply, which provide for the production of life-giving water from medium and large depths, can be considered a completely justified step.

The device and the principle of operation

In terms of design, the ejector can not be called a complex device. There are four main components, namely:

• nozzle;
• a suction chamber;
• diffuser;
• mixer.

In this case, the device we are considering is not to be confused with the injector, since the direction of motion of the masses in them is the opposite. The first one injects the liquid, but the ejector, on the contrary, takes it out. As for how the device described in this material functions, then in brief the principle of its operation is as follows:

• due to the narrowing of one of the ends of the nozzle, the liquid leaves it at a tremendous speed;
• the water jet enters the mixer, creating a vacuum, as a result of which the life-giving moisture begins to flow from the suction chamber;
• the formed fluid flow, passing through the diffuser, enters the pipeline system.

From the point of view of physics, the ejector ensures the transfer of kinetic energy from one medium to another - having a correspondingly greater and lower velocity.

It should also be added that the operation of the pumping station with an ejector provides for the return of part of the lifted water back, referred to as the recycling process. This provides additional vacuum, which helps to reduce energy consumption for pumping out moisture from great depths. This circumstance makes it possible to achieve high productivity of the water supply system without acquiring a more powerful pump motor. In addition, the ejector system facilitates the start-up of the system, increasing its efficiency.

Typical varieties

Now we should talk about the types of devices we are considering for pumps. There are two of them - built-in and remote, each of which is remarkable in its own way. The first is installed directly into the pump, that is, it is a component of its design. The second one is connected to the system from the outside - as a separate, albeit a small node. Among the significant features of the pumping station with built-in ejector are:

• smaller installation dimensions;
• minimal susceptibility to clogging;
• effective work at shallow depths (up to 7-9 meters);
• high noise level.

If, however, to list the remarkable moments peculiar to pumping stations with a remote ejector, we can make the following list of them:

Scheme of pumping station with remote ejector

• the presence of a tank for the incoming life-giving moisture, which is installed separately from the pump;
• connection of the ejector to the submerged section of the pipeline;
• the need to install two pipes in the well, which should be taken into account in the design process;
• less noise;
• the possibility of operation at a distance of 30 +/- 10 meters from the well without deteriorating the performance indicators.

By using a remote ejector, it is possible to extract water from a depth of up to fifty meters, which is sufficient in the vast majority of cases.

Connection and operating instructions

If you want to install a system that includes an internal ejector, then this activity is identical to installing a conventional pump. As for the stations equipped with an internal ejector, the following steps are required to install them:

• installation additional pipeneeded to ensure the recycling process;
• installation of a branch pipe equipped with a non-return valve;
• connection of the coarse filter.

In addition, an adjustment valve can optionally be installed in the recirculation line (if its availability is not provided initially, but is desirable for the consumer).

Speaking about the rules of installation and operation of the equipment under consideration, compliance with which allows us to extend the time of its trouble-free operation. Here they are:

• determination of the correct ratio of the pump power to the depth of the well or well, on the basis of which it is possible to select a suitable type of ejector;
• for pumping life-giving moisture from depths of more than 15 meters it is recommended to install an ejector inside the well, submerging it in water;
• using surface pump  should pay special attention to the location external ejector, pipes from which, going up, should be located perpendicular to the surface;
• the optimum depth for which equipment with an integrated ejector is suitable should not exceed 10 meters; Regular monitoring of pressure in the aqueduct is a prerequisite.

And one more important point: experience shows that the maximum productivity is able to "boast" equipped with ejector systems that lift water from a depth of 20 meters. Of course, it is possible to obtain life-giving moisture in a similar way from much more difficult sources, but the efficiency of the equipment used in such cases decreases.

Self-made ejector

It remains to add that anyone who wants to save money on the acquisition of this remarkable device can do it on their own. To solve the above task, the following elements are required:

• metal tee, which performs the function of the main part;
• nipple, playing the role of conductor of life-giving moisture, going under high pressure;
• couplings and bends, which are necessary for erection and connection of the ejector.

Prepare the FUM tape (fluoroplastic material necessary for sealing joints) and tools - vice, keys and grinder. With regard to the order of performance of works that involves the manufacture of an ejector with their own hands, it consists of the following steps:

• the union is screwed into the tee (if there are protrusions, they are cut off, and if there is a shortage of length, it must be grown with a tube of polymer);
• an adapter with an external thread is connected to the upper edge of the tee;
• a branch is attached to the lower part of the tee, used for further connection with the recirculation pipe;
• side, to the corresponding hole of the tee, a corner is screwed for subsequent connection of the supply pipe;
• connection of the assembled device in a suitable place.

In addition, the installation of an ejector for a pumping station with its own hands can include other activities. This is the connection of three pipes - to the bottom, providing a high-speed flow and outflowing - in the event that a dive is practiced. Other actions will be required, determined by the features of the object and the wishes of its owner, but unlike those listed above, they should not be considered basic.