Indicator of water purity. The need for clean water. Drink water before meals or after
For none of you will be a secret that we are 80% of water. Without water, our body could not function as it should. Internal organs would not work, blood would not be pumped, we could not eat and even live more than 3 days. Water is our life (in the literal sense of the word). To be healthy, you must drink a lot. But, do not drink coffee, not tea, not compote, namely pure water (preferably not from the tap, since you must understand that this is very harmful).
Research projects are usually financed from outside organizations. The structure of the staff and the content of the competence center are flexible and can be adapted to relevant ongoing projects or set priorities. At the moment, the Competence Center for Drinking Water has six main areas of competence.
Analysis and toxicological evaluation of microelements
Strategies to reduce the natural recovery of contaminated aquifers. Influence of climate changes and adjustments in wastewater treatment during bank filtration. Application of test effects for the toxicological evaluation of trace elements and their transformation products in drinking water and drinking water. Investigation of the variability of microbiological quality of raw and drinking water using the latest and partially mobile methods of analysis. Research of microbiological quality in raw and drinking water with respect to various treatment methods and strategies for the distribution of drinking water.
Organization and control of water supply
Analysis of governance and organization in the field of water supply The analysis of the relevant organizational and institutional structures in the regional water supply to address today's and tomorrow's challenges in the field of providing clean drinking water. Developing strategies for reactive communication to inform the public about acute problems so that uncertainty can be minimized. Developing proactive communication strategies that can ensure continuous preventive education of the population in order to maintain or improve their understanding and confidence in water supply. Developing campaigns to change certain behaviors regarding drinking water consumption.- Methods of hydrogeological exploration and monitoring.
- Hydrogeological study of contaminated groundwater.
- Modeling of flows and mass transport in groundwater.
- Investigation of the interaction of groundwater with surface waters.
- Integrated management of water and soil.
- Evaluation of disinfection procedures.
- Evaluation of treatment strategies based on water quality.
- Research of institutional and organizational changes in the water sector.
- Coordination of water supply with other water sectors.
The need for clean water
Pure water helps us to moisturize the skin, preserves our youth, gives vivacity, energy. In addition, daily use cleanses the gastrointestinal tract from toxins, harmful substances. Not surprisingly, when food poisoning doctors recommend drinking more pure water to completely clean the stomach.
The need for clean water
And even in industrially developed countries, only strict tests provide quality. Crystal clear, cool and tasty: Drinking water is our most important food, regardless of whether it throws out of the pipe or gurgles in the bottle. Consumers in the industrialized countries of the West rightly depend on the high quality of drinking water from the tap, because it is checked during treatment at various points in the process again by sampling that strict limitations for various parameters will be met.
Water in large quantities must be drunk with an increase in body temperature, as it helps to regulate the body temperature in a natural way. It is not necessary to drink fat-burning tablets and pills - it is enough daily to drink about 2 liters of clean water without gas and without sugar.
How much water do we need for health?
This also applies to drinking water in bottles, which is a healthy drink in the trend. In many other regions of the world, bottled water is even more important, as it is the only gold standard for clean and healthy drinking water. But whether a bottle or a faucet - basically believes that the range of possible contamination of microorganisms, organic and inorganic materials is almost as great as clean water for an irreplaceable person.
What does our cartridges consist of and how does it produce clean and useful water of the highest quality?
Therefore, reliable, fast and individual methods of analysis are needed. Spectrophotometers measure the absorption of light of a certain wavelength on a sample and calculate the concentration of a particular substance in the solution. However, most of the values important for the quality of drinking water can not be determined directly using photometric methods. Therefore, in the laboratory, chemical reagents are added to the water sample, which form photometrically measurable compounds with the detected pollutant.
In order to feel like a healthy person, we need 8 glasses of water a day, which is neither a little nor a lot - 2 liters of pure liquid. If we are talking about a hot season (July heat) or a person who is intensively engaged in physical activity, then the volume of consumed liquid increases several times, which is the norm. If you need a constant supply of liquid, then do not limit yourself.
The user has a choice between practical tests of the cuvette or economical and durable mixtures of reagents. He simply adds his water sample to the cuvette or reagents and can immediately measure the reaction product in the photometer. From aluminum to zinc, many substances in the water can be targeted and detected with high accuracy. Frequent tests and their continuous documentation are required by law: tap water, for example, is investigated in Germany on the way from the source to several times the grid feed and for each different parameters.
This is good for water quality and, therefore, for the consumer. Nevertheless, the manufacturers and suppliers of the procedure bring additional work. Dr. Merck will take it from them as much as possible, explains Dr. Ing. Barbel Grau, the head of food management products and environmental analysis Merck measures such as the accuracy of testing test kits for individual lots of time and documenting them for the user. And the software of the measuring devices assumes the required quality control of the results by checking and measuring the measurements from beginning to end.
Recommendation - so as not to forget to drink 2 liters of clean water a day, leave the house with a small bottle of water; at work, always hold a full glass of liquid near the monitor screen; if you go to the gym, then stock up at least 1 liter of clean water.
Yes, we get some amount of liquid through soups, borscht and other food products. But, still this volume is not enough for a person to feel healthy.
Rapid and accurate analysis is needed not only for the production of drinking water. It is also necessary to regularly check industrial process water, water in swimming pools, but especially different wastewater for very different loads. Each of these bands is a modern mini-laboratory with several square millimeters of reaction surface. This is sufficient for a reliable display of the concentration of ions, inorganic and organic substances in the sample.
First and foremost, the test strips are used by professional users. 
As increasingly stringent limit values and higher quality requirements require more and more accurate methods of analysis and better documentation. Clean and clean, with important minerals and without calories - mineral water is considered the embodiment of health, well-being, naturalness. This is the most popular utopia of thirst in this country and brings the industry an annual turnover of about three billion euros. A huge, sometimes confusing market for the consumer: more than 500 different mineral waters make it spoiled for choice.
Water is the best medicine
Sometimes we really forget that water is the best medicine for many diseases.
- If you are poisoned;
- Suffer from excess weight;
- Are sick with a diabetes mellitus;
- You have cardiovascular disease;
- Often the head hurts;
- Disturbs;
- Increased body temperature;
- Dry, flaky skin;
- There is no vivacity, energy, then ..., - you should definitely drink at least 2 liters of fluid a day.
Water for its medicinal properties is able to replace most drugs. And, unlike medicines, water is absolutely safe.
And while in the past everyone was seething, today he also has to choose between options with the help of a lot, little or no carbon dioxide at all. But what makes mineral water so special that most Germans complain about boxes without complaining, instead of turning on the tap at home? Obviously, these are primarily minerals that many consumers make for the bottle. Manufacturers skillfully attract advertising promises, such as "awakens vitality," "particularly useful" or "balanced mineralization."
In addition, natural purity is often emphasized, so that many consumers have a seal, mineral water is more valuable and clean, simply better than our normal drinking water. Here, mineral water basically has the same origin as most of our drinking water. "The source is nothing more than the overflow of groundwater," explains Dr. Christoph Külls, a hydrologist from the University of Freiburg. "And almost 70 percent of our drinking water comes from this underground water."
If you want to be healthy, then try to drink clean water at room temperature every morning. Wake up and immediately before you should stand one glass of liquid. Thus, you will start all metabolic processes in your body, tune in for a new day and restore the spent fluid reserves.
It is very important to drink water at room temperature, not cold water. Because the cold water is not aimed at quenching thirst and restoring the natural processes in the body, but at irritating the mucous membrane.
Natural spring discharges are found, in particular, in mountain regions with hard rocks, such as the Bavarian forest. "Where water can not work underground, it should be at the top," says Külls. As above-ground sources feed the danger of pollution, they try in public water supply and use deep groundwater. "As a rule, the deeper and older the water, the higher its microbiological quality," explains Külls. Sedimentary water, which seeps into the ground, is gradually cleared on its way to the depth of the filtering effect of rocks. "After 50 days, as a rule, he reached the quality of drinking water," says Külls.
Only water at room temperature can become the medicine that we need to normalize the work of the gastrointestinal tract and metabolic processes.
Pure water - how and where to buy or cook it?
The problem of clean water today is really very acute. Unfortunately, tap water can not be called clean and usable. Therefore, the water should be either further purified with filters, pre-boiled before each use or buy already purified version of water in stores.
Drink water before meals or after
However, in many places humidity is several years on the way - depending on the size of the underground reservoir and the rate of recharge from precipitation or meltwater. On the way through layers of rock water also accumulates with minerals, such as calcium, magnesium or sodium. "These are the ingredients dissolved from the stone," explains the hydrologist Külls. Since our body needs these minerals, but can not make them ourselves, mineralized water is the ideal drink. Depending on the geological conditions, different minerals are distinguished by different composition and speed.
The use and method of cooking melt water
A considerable number of researchers claim that thawed or thawed water is most useful for health. Useful properties of melt water are also associated with the fact that it contains less element called deuterium. A number of studies have shown that even partial removal of this element significantly stimulates life processes. At home, you can easily prepare melt water.
In this respect, every water, whether it is a line or a bottle, is also a reflection of its region. Salts and carbonates dissolve the fastest, "says Külls. Thus, lime or gypsum-rich stone causes a high content of calcium or sulfate in water. Sodium chloride gives it a slightly salty taste. However, in crystalline rocks, such as granite or basalt, substances dissolve much more slowly. "Waters from the low mountain range, the Black Forest or the Bavarian forest are generally poorly mineralized," explains Külls.
To be recognized as natural mineral water, it is necessary to observe a large number of strict criteria, as specified in the Decree on Mineral and Wastewater. This includes, among other things, that the water composition is largely constant and unchanged. Thus, no minerals can be added or removed. Ingredients are regularly checked and declared on the label. However, the regulation does not set a minimum value. High or low content of minerals is mineral water.
How to prepare melt water?
Filter out a certain amount of water (depending on the capacity in which you will freeze it). Put the water in the freezer for about 4 hours. You have some of the water to freeze, and some to stay. We clean the ice and add fresh water to the clean water and put it in the freezer. Now before the complete freezing. Then, as soon as the water completely freezes, we get it from the freezer and leave it to melt.
A similar drawback also applies to carbonated water: in the previous test, every second proved to be powerless. Only Gerolsteiner, Apollinaris and Tipenfels Kwelle were rich in minerals. Some brands have at least one mineral to offer a lot - and are therefore suitable for special requirements. The degree of hardness gives a good orientation: the more calcareous water, the more solidly it is mineralized. Water - it's not just water: the origin, processing and bottling determine under what name wet enters the trade.
■ Natural mineral water It comes from underground water resources, is poured directly at the source. Of course, mineral water must be clean, constant in composition and requires official recognition. ■ Spring water is poured into the source, but does not require official approval. The quality, at least, should correspond to the quality of drinking water.
The resulting meltwater is not only clean and ready to eat, but also healing.
Drinking melt water should be every day for 2 glasses (for example, in the morning and in the evening). In a week you will feel that your stomach has started to work in a new way, the body appeared vigor and strength.
Drink water before meals or after
Water is always drunk before meals. First, in this way you already fill some part of your intestines, which means that the portion eaten decreases in proportion to the water you drink. Secondly, if you drink water after eating, the food will simply not be absorbed. You will dissolve it in the stomach with water, dissolve the gastric juice and do not experience satiety. And this means that after a while you will want to eat.
During the day, water should be drunk in small sips, so that the body constantly maintains a water balance, and the internal organs are not dehydrated.
Conclusion: pure water is a real medicine that is available to absolutely everyone. Do not neglect what nature has given us. To maintain your health, try to drink about 2 liters of clean water a day.
"Water was pleased to pour!
Shone
So pure ... "
(L. Martynov, "Water")
Is water always so pure that it can be used without any preliminary treatment for drinking, cooking, bathing a child?
To assess the quality of water can even without instruments and reagents: it is clear that clean water should be clear, colorless and odorless. However, the presence of impurities and harmful microbes may not affect the appearance, so you can not drink raw water.
The tap water, which was cleaned at water treatment stations, is another matter. But even here the purity of water depends on the condition of the water supply network, the way of processing and even on the time of the year (so, in spring, fertilizers, pesticides, manure fall into the water).
To drink clean water, it makes sense to buy a special filter for water treatment. However, the simplest home water treatment from bacteria and suspended organic impurities can be carried out without filters, adding alum kalum at the rate of 1 g of this salt per 4 liters of water.
Alum purifies water by forming hydrolysis products. The precipitating precipitate of aluminum metahydroxide, AlO (OH), absorbs bacteria, suspended particles and impurities of organic substances contained in water, and the released sulfuric acid neutralizes water that has an alkaline reaction. After precipitation, the water is filtered through a filter paper or four folded fabric (gauze). The specified dose of alum is harmless to humans and practically does not change the taste of water. Approximately the same technology of cleaning ("clarification") of water is practiced and at water treatment plants of urban water supply, but as a clarifying agent, they use aluminum sulphate.
If the water has an unpleasant odor, it is passed through activated carbon, which is sold in a pharmacy in the form of tablets, or through a simple charcoal, crushed into pieces in the size of a pea. Filter the water through a glass or plastic tube covered with a cotton swab and filled with pieces of coal, into which a plug with a pipette is inserted at the bottom. To ensure a sufficiently long contact of the water to be purified with charcoal serving as an adsorbent (absorber) of harmful impurities, the tube should have a diameter of 15-20 mm and a length of 40-60 cm. From above, water is poured into the tube, or in small portions, purified water.
It is believed that melt water is very useful for health. It is easy to prepare at home at any time of the year: you need to put in the freezer of a home refrigerator glass jars filled almost to the brim with tap water or well and closed with plastic covers. When the water freezes by half or a third, the cans are taken out of the freezer, the unfrozen residue of water enriched in impurities is poured off, and the ice is left in the jars to melt at room temperature.
In the process of freezing of raw water, the salts and harmful impurities contained in it are concentrated in the liquid residue - the first freezes pure water and the freezing point of the solution is below 0 ° C. The ice is obtained by a porous, acicular structure, so the jars do not burst, and the remainder of the water with impurities merges without difficulties. Milk, kefir and juice packages (of course, previously cleanly washed), polyethylene bottles are also suitable for freezing water. The method of purifying water from dissolved salts by freezing has been known for a long time and has even been used for the desalination of salt water.
The simplest and most common way to disinfect water is boiling. To be sure of the quality of boiled water, it must be allowed to boil for at least five minutes, and then the water must be cooled in a container closed from dust, otherwise all efforts will be in vain. In appearance, boiled water is no different from raw water. But if you add a little (at the tip of the knife) of table salt and shake the glasses in the glasses, then small air bubbles will appear in the moist water, and not in the boiled (if it stayed in the air for less than 12 hours). The salt reduces the solubility of air in water and causes it to separate out in the form of bubbles. In boiled water, there is practically no dissolved air.
Water for aquarium should strictly correspond to the composition habitual for a particular species of inhabitants. Thus, the South American characine neon fish with excellent coloring can live and reproduce only in distilled water with a pH value of about 6. The content of calcium and magnesium cations should not exceed 2 mg / l, and iron 5 mg / l. In addition, organic substances should be present in the water, for this, add 0.5 teaspoons of vegetable infusion per liter of aquarium water.
Prepare the vegetable infusion so. In 1 liter of boiled water put 100 g of leaves and young shoots of green plants, preferably with fruits and flowers (except for plants that emit milky juice). Through the resulting mixture for three to four months, the air from the aquarium microcompressor is constantly blown. After that, the vegetable infusion will be ready for use.
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