How to make a toilet in the country: step by step instructions, dimensions

Content

The arrangement of any suburban area begins with the construction of an outdoor toilet. This simple building is in high demand, even if the house already has a bathroom. Anyone can build a toilet for a summer residence. To do this, you need to have at hand a simple drawing, several inexpensive tools and building material.

What are outdoor toilets

If you give the structure to a general view, then an outdoor toilet can be with or without a cesspool for the accumulation of waste. You can independently build a toilet of the following design at a summer cottage:

Before starting to build a toilet in the country with your own hands, it is important to determine the depth of the groundwater. The choice of design will depend on this. A toilet with a cesspool is suitable for a summer cottage where the layers of groundwater are located deeper than 2.5 m.In all other cases, you will have to be content with a powder closet or bury a whole plastic barrel in the ground.

Choosing a place for a country toilet

Despite the simplicity of the design, the toilet built in the country should not cause discomfort to neighbors, as well as serve as a source of soil and water contamination. They choose a place for an outdoor toilet, guided by sanitary rules that require a distance:

to any water sources - 25 m;
to basements, residential buildings - 12 m;
to the bathhouse or summer shower cubicle - 8 m;
to a neighbor's border or fence - 1 m;
to shrub plantations - 1 m;
to fruit trees - 4 m.

It is advisable to choose a place for a summer cottage building, taking into account the landscape of the site and the wind rose. In hilly terrain, the outdoor toilet is placed at the lowest point. It is important that the wind carries away bad smells in the opposite direction from their own and neighboring residential buildings.

The construction of a country toilet begins with a cesspool

Under the street toilet, in addition to the powder closet, it is necessary to dig a cesspool. There are many options for arranging the tank. If we are already considering how to build a toilet in the country from start to finish, then we must start with a cesspool.

Important! The functionality and duration of use of the cesspool will increase if food and household waste is not thrown into it. It is advisable to put a separate bucket under the toilet paper.

Determine the size of the cesspool for the country toilet

Before digging a pit, the first question arises, how to correctly determine its dimensions. Let us immediately dwell on the depth, which should not exceed 3 m. The size of the side walls of the tank depends on the number of people living. If there is enough building material, the cesspool can be made large. Then it will have to be pumped out less often. Usually, a cesspool with a depth of 2 m is dug under a simple street toilet, and the width of the walls is made from 1 to 1.5 m.

If the sewerage from the house is connected to the cesspool, the volume of waste water per month for each person living in the country is taken into account. For example, a family of three will use about 12 m 3 of water per month. The cesspool is made with a margin, so a volume of up to 18 m 3 is desirable.

Features of the construction of a cesspool

A cesspool for an outdoor toilet in the country is built from all kinds of materials available on the farm. Red brick, cinder block, concrete rings, plastic and metal containers, old car tires are used. The cheapest, reliable and easiest to build is a brick pit. It can be sealed or not. In the first case, the bottom is concreted up to 15 cm thick. The lined walls are plastered with concrete, and the top is treated with bitumen mastic.

If the soil in the summer cottage has good absorbent properties, the cesspool is made leaky. The bottom of the storage tank is covered with a 15 cm layer of sand and gravel. It turns out drainage, through which the liquid will be absorbed into the ground. The brickwork of the walls for a leaky pit is staggered. Through the resulting windows between the bricks, the liquid will additionally be absorbed into the soil.

From above, the cesspool is covered with a concrete slab with a service hatch, as well as an opening for a toilet seat. If there is no concrete slab, the tank is covered with tin, a reinforcing mesh is laid, and then poured with concrete. It turns out a homemade reinforced concrete stove.

Attention! Sanitary regulations prohibit the construction of leaking cesspools for country toilets due to soil and groundwater contamination.

Cesspool made of reinforced concrete rings

The most reliable is a pit made of concrete rings. The made reservoir can last up to 100 years in the country. The complexity of construction lies only in the fact that lifting equipment is required to immerse the rings into the pit.

So, taking from half a meter of a margin of the diameter of the reinforced concrete ring, they dig a pit. The bottom is concreted in the same way as for a brick cesspool. If you managed to buy a concrete ring with a finished bottom, then it is installed immediately into the pit. Before this, it is advisable to pour a 10 cm layer of sand under the bottom. The following rings are stacked on top of each other. If there are connecting locks at the ends of reinforced concrete products, it is enough to get into the grooves during installation. In the absence of locks, the joints of the rings are made on a concrete solution for tightness, and they are fastened together with metal rings.

The finished cesspool is treated with bitumen for waterproofing, and covered with a concrete slab on top.

Cesspool from a plastic container

If the construction of a toilet in the country is impossible due to groundwater, a plastic container will come to the rescue. The pit is dug a little larger than the dimensions of the tank. Work on such a site is performed during a period when the groundwater is low. Under the plastic container, the bottom must be concreted, and 4 metal loops are fixed to the reinforcing mesh. They should protrude from the concrete in height so that the plastic tank can be tied to the hinges. This is done so that, when raised, the groundwater does not push the light container out of the ground like a float.

After the concrete has set, the plastic tank is placed in the pit. The container is tied to the loops with cables. Backfilling is performed simultaneously with the filling of the reservoir with water, otherwise the soil pressure will compress its walls. It is better to fill the gap between the walls of the tank and the pit with a dry mixture of five parts of sand and one part of cement. When the tank is completely filled up, water is pumped out of it with any pump.

The video tells about the cesspool:

The procedure for the construction of a country toilet house

When building a toilet for a summer residence with your own hands, step-by-step instructions will help you determine the order of work. From the very beginning, it is important to draw up a diagram of the house, where its shape will be drawn and all dimensions are indicated. Drawings can be made at your own discretion or you can find ready-made ones on the Internet. The optimal size of the toilet in the country is considered: the width of the house is 1 m, the depth is 1.5 m, the height is from 2 to 2.5 m.

Advice! In addition to the convenience in work, the drawn scheme of the house will allow you to calculate the consumption of building material.

For example, we suggest looking at the drawings of the dimensions of the toilet in the country with your own hands, which will help you determine the dimensions of the street house.

The simplest and most common version of a street toilet house is a birdhouse. The photo shows the finished structure, a table of consumables, as well as the structure itself.

The next photo shows a model of an outdoor toilet house in the form of a hut, which is no less popular for a summer residence.

We make the base of a wooden house

We begin to build a toilet for a summer residence with the preparation of the base. The wooden house is light, so the simplest foundation will withstand it. It is important to consider that at the back of the building you will need to make an opening hatch for cleaning the cesspool and arranging ventilation. It is optimal to displace the house by 2/3 relative to the storage tank.

Having made the markings on the ground according to the dimensions of the future house, we proceed to making the base. It is enough to place four concrete blocks in the corners under a light wooden structure. If it is planned to manufacture the metal frame of the house for sheathing with corrugated board, the foundation can be made from vertically dug pieces of asbestos pipes 1 m long. The inner cavity of the pipe is poured with concrete. On the finished base, we lay waterproofing from pieces of roofing material.

We collect the frame of a wooden house

So, the base is ready, it's time to build a toilet in the country with your own hands according to these instructions:

On this, the skeleton of the future house of the street toilet for the summer cottage is ready, it's time to start facing.

We sheathe the frame of the country toilet with a board

Facing the house shouldn't be a big problem. We cut the boards to the size of the back and side walls, fit them tightly to each other and nail them down. Depending on the length of the workpieces, they can be attached to the frame vertically or horizontally. Alternatively, the board can be replaced with corrugated board or other sheet material.

Important! To increase the service life of the toilet, all elements of the house made of wood must be treated with an antiseptic, then opened with any paint and varnish material.

Roof and ventilation installation

For the roof, on the upper frame of the frame of the house, we nail a crate from the board. It is enough to provide a 30 cm outlet outside the box so that the rain does not wet the toilet walls. We fix any sheet of roofing material to the crate. Corrugated board, metal tile or ordinary slate will do.

We fix the ventilation pipe with metal strips to the back wall of the toilet. The air duct is made of a plastic pipe 100 mm thick. We immerse the lower part of the riser under the lid into a cesspool to a depth of 10 cm. We bring the top of the air duct 20 cm higher above the toilet roof.

Installation of the door and supply of lighting inside the house

The door for the house can be knocked down from a regular board, you can buy a plastic one or make a frame and sheathe it with corrugated board. We attach it to the uprights with hinges. We fasten the handles on both sides and the latch from the inside to the door with self-tapping screws. To prevent the door from opening at random, the bolt can be additionally placed outside.

If there is a point not far from the country toilet where you can connect an electric cable, it is advisable to stretch the lighting inside the house. This will provide comfort for night use. During the day, it will be light in the country toilet thanks to the window above the doors.

The video tells about the manufacture of a toilet: