Okei is an all-Russian classifier of units of measurement. Okey - all-Russian classifier of units of measurement Unit code okey service 876

Agreements in conventional units (cu) have long been part of our lives. The very concept of a “conventional unit” does not raise any questions; everyone knows what kind of animal it is and what it is eaten with. I must disappoint you - everything is not so simple in this world (read - crooked Russian legislation).

Here you are looking at the agreement, where it is written that it is in conventional units, which are equal to the US dollar and the Euro on such and such a date. What is a “conventional unit”? Dollar or Euro cannot be a conventional unit. Because a conventional monetary unit is ecu(now sunk into oblivion) , special drawing rights and other similar “synthetic” monetary units that are quoted, but exist in the world economy only virtually. Why? We read the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, paragraph 2 of Art. 317:

"A monetary obligation may stipulate that it is payable in rubles in an amount equivalent to a certain amount in foreign currency or in conventional monetary units (ecus, “special drawing rights”, etc.). In this case, the amount payable in rubles is determined at the official exchange rate of the corresponding currency or conventional monetary units on the day of payment, unless a different rate or another date for its determination is established by law or by agreement of the parties."

Notice the difference: there is “an amount equivalent to a certain amount in foreign currency” and there is “cu (ecu, special drawing rights, etc.)”.

What we are used to calling c.e. is actually not c.e., but an amount equivalent to a specified amount in foreign currency.

What follows from this? Many things. Let's, for example, look at the latest innovation in legislation regarding VAT on amount differences, clause 4 of Art. 153 Tax Code of the Russian Federation:

“If, when selling goods (work, services), property rights under contracts, the obligation to pay for which is provided in rubles in an amount equivalent to a certain amount in foreign currency, or conventional monetary units, the moment of determining the tax base is the day of shipment (transfer) of goods ( works, services), property rights, when determining the tax base foreign currency or conventional monetary units are converted into rubles at the exchange rate of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation on the date of shipment (transfer) of goods (performance of work, provision of services), transfer of property rights. When paying for goods later(works, services), property rights, the tax base is not adjusted. ..."

Here we are talking about " foreign currency" And " conventional monetary units". As we saw above, our “traditional” contractual “cu” does not fall under either of these two concepts.

By the way, legislators generally screwed up this point. Even if we assume that we are talking about our, “traditional” currency units, then problems will arise with the option “cue at the Central Bank rate + 5%” that is often included in the contract - for VAT it will be necessary to recalculate into rubles according to the Central Bank rate without any “+5%”, which clearly follows from the paragraph quoted above.

But let’s return to our “cu”, which in fact are not “cu” at all. What are amount differences? According to the Tax Code (clause 11.1 of Article 250 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation) - these are differences arising from the taxpayer if the amount of obligations and claims incurred, calculated at the rate established by agreement of the parties conventional monetary units on the date of sale (receipt) of goods (work, services), property rights, does not correspond to the actual amount received (paid) in rubles. The same wording is given in paragraphs. 5.1 clause 1 art. 265 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation in relation to expenses in the form of the amount difference.

It turns out that again we are talking about something unclear - in tax legislation the definition of “notional monetary units” " no, but according to civil law, “notional monetary units” are ecus, SDR (special drawing rights issued by the IMF), etc., but not dollars or euros.

Conclusion : We not only have “minor” problems with the new procedure for accounting for VAT on amount differences, but we also live in part of the cu. and total differences according to concepts (formed in our heads) than according to legislative norms. And when the case comes to court, his concepts may not coincide with ours.For example, quite recently it suddenly turned out that the deadlines for submitting financial statements were .

P.S. But in our Duma there are many beloved actors and famous athletes. Art and sports are our everything!

The All-Russian Classifier of Units of Measurement (or OKEI) is a federal classifier that contains a list of regulated units of measurement and their codes. The classifier is required to correctly fill out the primary documentation. For example, .

Table of popular units of measurement according to OKEI and their codes for 2017:

If you haven’t found your code, download the current one for 2017.

Get 267 video lessons on 1C for free:

OKEI code for the unit of measurement “service”

Please note that if your unit of measurement is not included in the general OKEI (for example, “Service” or “Bag”), in no case should you come up with a code for a “new” service. From the letter of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated October 15, 2012 No. 03-07-05/42, you can use “-” (dash):

In the invoice drawn up for the provision of services, you can put a dash in column 2

Once again, the service code according to the classifier of units of measurement OKEI is not regulated.

OKEY in the 1C Accounting program

In order to enter a new unit of measurement according to OKEI into the program, you need to open the “All functions” menu (if this menu is not visible, follow):

If the required unit is not in the list, it must be added. To do this, click the “Selection from OKEY” button:

You will be taken to a spreadsheet document where all current codes and names are available:

In order to add a new element from it, you need to click on the code you are interested in. 1C will open the form of a new unit of measurement. All that remains is to click the “Save and Close” button.

If you do not find the required unit, for example, “Service”, you can add it manually. To do this, you need to click the “Create” button in the directory list form, where you fill it with the necessary fields:

As mentioned above, under no circumstances should you come up with a new unit of measurement code. It is better to put “-” (dash).

Conventional unit

Conventional unit(abbreviated u. e. listen)) is a euphemism used in Russia to indicate a monetary amount in US dollars or the equivalent amount in rubles at the official or exchange rate.

The emergence of this designation is associated with economic reforms in Russia in the 1990s. As a result of hyperinflation, the ruble quickly depreciated; it was difficult to indicate prices in rubles, so payments in US dollars were widely practiced. However, on March 6, 1993, the Russian government issued a decree “On strengthening foreign exchange and export controls and on the development of the foreign exchange market,” which recommended the Central Bank to prohibit “settlements between residents in Russia in foreign currency.” One of the results of this resolution was the widespread change of price tags with the word “dollar” to “u.” e."

Currently under e. most often they mean one American dollar or (less often) one euro. Prices in USD e. are used in Russia mainly for the purchase and sale of low-liquid durable goods, such as household and computer equipment, cars, real estate, in order to avoid the negative impact of inflation. Until the summer of 2006, the practice of setting tariffs in the currency. e. prevailed among Russian cellular operators. At the same time, traders often set inflated rates of conventional units, which allows them to benefit from the difference in rates.

Since June 15, 2004, the provisions of the Law of the Russian Federation “On Currency Regulation and Currency Control” dated December 10, 2003 No. 173-FZ have been in force on the territory of the Russian Federation. Paragraph 1 of Article 9 of the Law establishes a general ban on foreign exchange transactions between residents. The State Duma adopted a law prohibiting government officials from mentioning any conventional units in relation to Russia's economic indicators. .

Historical jokes

Russian Soviet poet, prose writer, science fiction writer Vadim Shefner actually predicted the appearance of... e. People of the future in his novels use uufed (sometimes ufeds) instead of money - conventional universal accounting and financial units.

Notes

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See what a “Conditional unit” is in other dictionaries:

conventional unit- sutartinis vienetas statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: engl. arbitrary unit vok. bedingte Einheit, f rus. conventional unit, f pranc. unité arbitraire, f … Fizikos terminų žodynas

conventional unit of text volume- Conventional unit of text volume. It is 1800 printable characters, including spaces. If, for example, the text contains 18,000 characters, then this is 10 conventional typewritten pages in A4 format, regardless of how many paper pages the text is located on...

conventional unit of measurement- A unit whose size is established by agreement. Note Conventional units of measurement, in particular, are the base units of the International System of Units (SI). [MI 2365 96] Metrology topics, basic concepts ... Technical Translator's Guide

conventional unit of light output- UESV Light output of CO1 upon absorption of electrons with an energy of 662 keV. Note Determined by the edge of the Compton distribution for cesium 137 γ radiation with subsequent recalculation. [GOST 23077 78] Topics: ionizing radiation detectors... Technical Translator's Guide

conventional storage unit for archival documents- Corresponds to a conditional case with dimensions: 210´297´17 mm in archival storage facilities with a horizontal archival storage system when installing shelves of two height rows of primary storage facilities on 1 m of racks with dimensions... ... Technical Translator's Guide

conventional unit of production- The estimated number of items completed in terms of materials, labor, and overhead used, as opposed to those items that are physically completed in production. Used in process-by-process costing to measure conditional... ... Technical Translator's Guide

Conventional monetary unit- see Currency of monetary obligations; Currency clause... Encyclopedia of Law

conventional discontinuity height- The size of the signal amplitude indication zone from a discontinuity along its depth. Unit of measurement mm [Non-destructive testing system. Types (methods) and technology of non-destructive testing. Terms and definitions (reference book). Moscow 2003… … Technical Translator's Guide

conditional length of discontinuity- The maximum size of the signal amplitude indication zone from a discontinuity. For an oblique transducer, this direction is perpendicular to the plane of incidence of the beam. Unit of measurement mm [Non-destructive testing system. Types (methods) and technology... ... Technical Translator's Guide

conditional width of discontinuity- The size of the signal amplitude indication zone from a discontinuity in the direction perpendicular to the conditional length of the discontinuity. Unit of measurement mm [Non-destructive testing system. Types (methods) and technology of non-destructive testing. Terms and... ... Technical Translator's Guide

Inflation and devaluation are different things. The first term refers to the increase in domestic prices, which does not always occur in equal proportions across all consumer segments. For example, rent may become more expensive, but potato prices will remain the same or even decrease.

Devaluation means an increase in foreign exchange rates in relation to the official government currency. The reverse process is called revaluation.

Why, at a certain historical stage, was a certain conventional unit chosen as a standard, and for what reasons was it used to indicate the price? U.e. (or, more simply, the dollar), for many years in our country it served as an indexer of both devaluation and inflation. What is the reason?

Universal standard

There was a time when the Soviet and then the Russian ruble lost purchasing power almost simultaneously with the growth of the dollar, and very quickly. Today's citizens of forty years of age and older remember well what y is. That is, young people know this concept less. After the actual collapse of the Soviet monetary system, the American dollar, nicknamed “greens” or “cabbage” for its special color scheme, became the yardstick for evaluating objects of sale and purchase (and almost everything in general).

Citizens of a great country found it unusual and sometimes embarrassing to use foreign money for payments. Nothing can be done; it is impossible to remove pages from history. What happened, happened.

Torgsins and receipt stores

Currency stores existed in the USSR in relatively prosperous pre-perestroika times. Torgsins were opened in the distant twenties. The purpose of creating these trade organizations was twofold. Firstly, to encourage Soviet citizens to part with gold and foreign exchange valuables in an organized manner, receiving in return what was available to everyone abroad, but was in short supply in the Soviet Union. Secondly, foreigners could make purchases here without waiting in line, comfortably, and thereby avoid contact with Soviet trade (they didn’t need to know about it, otherwise they would tell them about it there later...). It happened that our simple person wandered into the “cheque” or Torgsin by accident (Vladimir Vysotsky very funny told about a similar story in one of his songs). The goods on the shelves were striking in their brightness and variety; the numbers on the small signs seemed quite affordable, especially since no “dollar bugs” or other foreign symbols were indicated on the price tags. An attempt to buy something was stopped by the question: “What is your currency?” The naive buyer timidly asked whether it was possible to pay in rubles, to which he received an arrogant answer from the solemn seller: the price is indicated in conventional units. They explained to those who didn’t understand what y is. That is, after which they shamefully left the Soviet store, where it was better for citizens of the USSR not to enter...

In a sea of ​​floating rates

After the introduction of the Jamaican currency system in 1978, such an important component of world economic relations as the strict binding of leading monetary units to the gold content disappeared. In the financial ocean, among floating exchange rates, those countries whose stability of the national currency is ensured by the success of macro indicators (balance of payments, the size of external and internal debt, the size of the gross product, etc.) feel confident. Citizens of such states have no idea that What is USD? They have enough of their own currency. Only subjects of foreign trade and stock exchange speculators are interested in the dollar exchange rate there. But this is as long as the inflation rate is within acceptable and reasonable limits. When prices begin to rise too quickly, a natural question arises about how to maintain savings, or rather, the ability to buy something with them in the future. People persistently strive for some kind of attachment; they need confidence in the future.

Dollar or euro?

It is impossible to understand what a currency unit is and evaluate the meaning of this term in the life of the nineties without analyzing the economic situation of that era. The collapse of the Union was accompanied by the most regrettable phenomena, including the rapid depreciation of the Soviet ruble. When finding a job, an important material incentive was a dollar salary, the size of which seems ridiculous today. However, these are the realities. The worker knew for sure that regardless of exchange rate fluctuations, the amount of goods that he could consume would remain relatively unchanged. Despite the fact that payments within the country were made only in national currency, most prices (especially imported ones) were indicated “in equivalent”. After the adoption of a common European currency, it became necessary to clarify what the conventional unit is equal to - the dollar or the euro.

Prohibitions, regulations and ways out of the situation

The lack of trust in the national currency and the massive desire of citizens to keep savings in foreign currency indicate the unfavorable economic situation in the state. A country that suffers more from this vice cannot be considered fully sovereign. An extreme manifestation of such a political situation can be the “freely annexed territory” of Puerto Rico, whose citizens voluntarily abandoned their own currency (the US dollar is used there) and other basic signs of state independence. Russia had every chance of becoming the same “banana republic”, despite the government decree issued in March 1993 designed to regulate the foreign exchange market and prohibiting the circulation of foreign currency. A simple, but legally impeccable way to avoid punishment for violating this legislative act immediately appeared. As a rule, the transaction took place as follows: the buyer mentally (or using a calculator) converted conventional units into rubles, the amount was written down in the purchase and sale agreement (most often underestimated), and then pale green money tied with an elastic band was transferred from hand to hand . Usually no one bothered with running around exchange offices.

Strength and weakness of the dollar. Hypothetical conventional unit of the near future

Many citizens, especially older ones, were outraged by the dominance of the American currency. “Why is everyone so chasing dollars, what kind of power is there in them?” - they were surprised. “These pieces of paper are provided by the economic and industrial power of the United States,” the “enlightened economists” convincingly explained to them. How true is this today?

In recent decades, confidence in the dollar has decreased significantly, despite the fact that it still serves as an international means of payment. suffers from serious economic problems, including astronomical enormous and other consequences of “budget inflation”. Adding to the gloominess of the prospects is the almost uncontrolled operation of the Federal Reserve's machines, printing money that is not backed by real content.

It is possible that the time of “freely floating” exchange rates is coming to an end. The global economy again needs some kind of anchor. A new standard may soon be needed. Will it be gold again, another precious metal, or will states agree that a conventional unit is a certain amount of energy consumed (for example, 1 gigacalorie or 100 kW/h)? Some economists are inclined towards similar options, and assumptions about what the universal measure of value of the future will be converge on its energy nature.

• Responsible for classifier support: Rostekhregulirovanie
• Reason: Resolution of the State Standard of Russia dated December 26, 1994 No. 366 01/01/1996
• Approved: 06/07/2000
• Entered into force: 06/07/2000

What is OKEI

OKEI is the abbreviated name of the All-Russian Classifier of Units of Measurement. The classifier is part of the Unified System of Coding and Classification of Social and Technical and Economic Information of Russia. The All-Russian Classifier of Units of Measurement was introduced on the territory of Russia instead of the All-Union Classifier, known as the “System of designation of units and measurements used in automated control systems.” A classifier has been developed based on the international classification of units of measurement of the UN Economic Commission for Europe, the Commodity Nomenclature of Foreign Economic Activity and other significant documents. The all-Russian classifier of units of measurement is associated with GOST 8.417-81 "State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. Units of physical quantities."

Why was OKEI created?

The classifier is intended for use when solving problems of quantitative assessment of social and technical and economic indicators for state reporting and accounting, forecasting and economic development, foreign and domestic trade, ensuring statistical international comparisons, organizing customs control, and regulating foreign economic activity. In OKEI, classification objects are units of measurement that are used in these areas of activity.

What is the code structure in OKEY

In OKEI, units of measurement are divided into 7 groups: units of length, area, volume, mass, technical units and time units, as well as economic units. For a number of units of measurement, submultiple and multiple units have been introduced. The All-Russian Classifier of Units of Measurement contains two reference applications and two sections.

Each position in OKEI structurally consists of three blocks: identification, name and a block where additional characteristics are indicated.

The identification code of a unit of measurement is a digital three-digit decimal code, which was assigned according to the serial-ordinal coding system. Appendix A and the first section use codes that completely coincide with the international classification codes. Also in the second section, decimal digital three-digit codes were used, taken from the reserve of international classification codes.

In OKEI, the formula for the structure of the identification code is as follows: XXX. The name block is the name of the unit of measurement adopted in state reporting and accounting (for the second section), or the name of the unit of measurement according to the international classification (for Appendix A and the first section). The block of additional characteristics is conditional data, letter code designations of units of measurement (national and international).

In order to facilitate the use of the classifier, an alphabetical index of units of measurement is provided in Appendix B. The second column indicates the number of the application or section in which the unit of measurement is located. The third column is the identification code of the unit of measurement.

The All-Russian Classifier of Measurement Units is maintained by the VNIIKI of the State Standard of the Russian Federation together with the Computing Center of the State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation and the Center for Economic Conjuncture under the Government of Russia.