Projects of small and small houses: choosing the best option. Do-it-yourself country house: diagrams and instructions on how to build a country house Build a small house for permanent residence

Not everyone can afford a big house. It's not about financial capabilities at all. Sometimes you have to be content with little, based on the available territory. In addition, the rejection of excesses and the general desire for minimalism is a fashionable trend.

Creating an interesting and comfortable design for a small house is the main priorities of the owner. How to achieve this is described in our article.

Small private house: general characteristics of the object

The small size of a private house is most often found in gardening partnerships. Small areas with a dense arrangement do not provide room for action. Most owners of such dacha properties plan not only to relax on the lawn, but also to engage in gardening and gardening. Considering this, every piece of land is very valuable.

In this option, a small country house is what you need. A compact home will allow you to hide from the rain, spend the night and even receive guests. Building such “mansions” is much easier and more economical. If you approach the arrangement of your home correctly, you will get a completely cozy and comfortable option.

For full functionality, in case of a short stay on the site, 1 room is enough for a summer resident. At the same time, a storage room or a separate building is allocated for household equipment.

If a large family is vacationing at the dacha, it is advisable to provide a small kitchen. It is recommended to divide a single room into zones, if necessary.

If you plan to stay at the dacha for a long time, then it is better to think through the interior of a small private house in more detail. It might be possible to:

make an extension;
use the attic space;
use height more efficiently;
use highly functional furniture.

All of the above requirements apply not only to residential buildings on a summer cottage, but also to small-sized mansions. In our country, these occur quite often. Some people are embarrassed by a small hallway in a private house, while for others 10 square meters is more than enough to run a full-fledged household.

Basic options for efficient use of space

The most important rule for those who want to expand their space is not to store unnecessary things. This is especially true for country houses. Most of us try to transport all out-of-fashion, shabby, and other unwanted things to our country estates. You must be able to part with trash or give it a second life in time.

Minimalism in a compact space is an ideal condition for visually expanding the area. The fewer objects on the territory of a small house, the more pleasant the perception of reality. This applies not only to large-sized furniture, but also to all kinds of trinkets.

A two-story house is a good solution for a small plot of land. Everything that cannot be placed in width will be placed in height. It is advisable to initially carefully approach the marking of the territory.

However, if an unplanned situation arises, it is also possible to find a way out. For example, build on a building. If there is an unused attic, then repair and arrange this area.

To increase the efficiency of home operation, you need to be more attentive to the filling of the facility. All furnishings must be thought out to the smallest detail. A good choice is transformable furniture:

comfortable folding bed, pull-out sofa, bunk bed;
table-book or folding model;
extensive shelving storage system.

Even the furniture options themselves can be multifunctional (loft-type bed or with storage drawers, stair steps-wardrobe, bench with a double bottom). The main thing is that the useful space is used to the maximum. Numerous photos of a small private house clearly show how varied the ideas for successfully loading space are.

Local area: how to cope with the lack of space

As a rule, a small house is located on an equally compact area. To get rid of this drawback, it is advisable to follow the same path as when organizing space inside the house:

give up unnecessary things;
remember about ergonomics;
make the most of every centimeter of space.

If possible, a small courtyard of a private house is cleared of additional buildings and large-scale plantings that create dense shadow. An open space with lawn grass, garden paths, and low-growing flower beds will please the eye and visually expand the area.

If it is impossible to clear the territory, they try to “open” the approaches to the house as much as possible. Outbuildings, greenhouses, and tall plants should be kept away from the building if possible. Thus, it will be possible to let light and air into the territory, visually “stretching” the compact area.

Interesting ideas for organizing a small space

In any house, the main part of the area is occupied by sleeping space. For a small home this is most critical. It is advisable to place the stock in such a way that it takes up minimal space. A good idea would be to install the bed under the ceiling. This can be a specially designed structure on supports, simulating a second floor.

A worthy option would be a loft bed with a sleeping area on top and a kitchenette below. Human imagination is limitless. Based on this idea, there are various examples of entire room complexes.

In addition to the bed, a table takes up a lot of space. To solve the problem of unloading space, it is advisable to abandon the usual version of this item. Use various ideas with folding products. For example, a folding version screwed to the wall, a transforming table or a deliberately widened window sill.

In addition to unusual models, non-standard arrangements are used. The table can be taken out into the corridor or even outside (if the house is summer). In this case, a good solution would be to build a veranda or a removable canopy.

Particular attention should be paid to seating areas. The sofa, bench or chairs should not be “empty”. The use of built-in storage systems will help improve the situation with unloading space. You can use a box as a chair. Lightweight, wicker options are preferred.

A small house with a modest plot is the problem of many Russian summer residents. It is difficult, but possible, to rationally use a tiny space to create conditions conducive to a comfortable stay or a full life.

Photos of small private houses

A suburban area is not only land with a vegetable garden and plantings. Many city residents come there for a good rest, so it is necessary to have a house on the site. Not all summer residents have the opportunity to build a comfortable house on six acres. Many people get out of this situation by choosing the option of building an economy class house.

Inexperienced and novice summer residents are faced with the question of choosing cheap materials for construction. Below are examples of inexpensive and cozy country houses with visual photos.

Where to start construction

Any construction begins with a plan on paper. The house outside the city is not intended for year-round living, but for the sake of comfort it requires familiarization with the standard project.

Among the projects of country houses, the ones with an attic or attic are in the lead. This option allows you to avoid building outbuildings on the site. All equipment and work tools are stored in the attic. In addition to such a house, you can add a veranda or terrace that serves as a dining room.

Strip foundation requires more time and costs. The positive side of it is that it allows you to use the room under the floor as a basement.

The next stage of preparation is the material of the “box” of the future building. There are several types of inexpensive and reliable building materials:

Frame-panel structures

The frame is mounted using timber and sheathed with wooden boards of fiberboard or chipboard. Expanded polystyrene, glass wool or polystyrene are used as insulation. The result is a house with minimal costs that can be used all year round.

A house made of timber is distinguished by its durability. Construction work will cost more. When using cheap timber, you are likely to encounter the problem of building shrinkage. As a result, cracks and gaps appear. The cobbled house will also have to be insulated.

A clay house is the cheapest and easiest construction option. Construction materials are right under your feet. The construction technique is similar to clay sculpting.

The downside is that the construction process is too time-consuming. It will take several seasons to build a clay dwelling.

The trailer is common among new summer residents. The best option for living in the summer or during the construction of a comfortable house.

Construction of frame structure

Frame construction belongs to the low-budget category. Building a country house with your own hands without the help of specialists will not be difficult. If all the necessary materials are ready, the work will last several weeks.

To build a house you will need:

beams for the frame;
screws and corners;
wooden chipboard or fiberboard;
insulation;
piles for the foundation.

Stages of building a frame house

At the marked places, piles are driven in the corners. Install concrete or brick supports under the joints of the walls. Then they are covered with waterproofing material and tied with a channel.

A lattice of beams is laid around the entire perimeter. Wooden logs are placed on top of it at a distance of 50-60 cm from each other. All parts are secured with corners and self-tapping screws.

Next, vertical racks are mounted, firmly resting on the lattice grille. The finished frame is tied and attic logs are placed on top of it. Next comes the work of covering the frame with wooden slabs. At this stage, holes are left for windows and doors.

Now you need to decide on the choice of roof for your country house. Most summer residents choose gable and pitched roofs. To save money, the second option deserves more attention. When building a roof, do not forget about vapor barrier. The roof will be inexpensive sheets of corrugated board or ondulin.

External cladding is done using siding. Before this, the outer walls are insulated with special materials. Instead of plastic windows, ordinary wooden ones without double-glazed windows are installed. This approach will significantly reduce the cost of construction.

With the help of simple and simple tips, your country home will be ready for use in less than a month. Those who do not have enough time for construction can contact a construction company, which will offer to build a turnkey cottage for an affordable price.

A few words about the interior

No matter how the house looks from the outside, the inside of the country house must meet all the requirements of modern times. Gone are the days when dacha dwellings were used for cooking and sleeping.

Relaxing at the dacha means, first of all, comfort and organization inside the house. There are many budget-friendly ways to satisfy your most desired interior design needs.

Country - rustic style in the interior. Here you can’t do without cabinets and shelves covered with curtains with embroidery. Crocheted napkins, tablecloths and rugs made from old clothes will look good.

The high cost of housing in the modern world forces talented people to look for a way out. One of the easiest ways to build the cheapest house, of course, is to downsize it.

Therefore, among other architectural trends, the concept of a mini-house is now actively developing. The term "mini-house" does not only mean from the word small, mini is an architectural style of minimalism. This is a house in which there are no corridors, in which every room is multifunctional, in which there is a very thoughtful layout and you can practically reach the things you need without leaving your spot.

Let's look at several mini-houses (also called tiny house, little house, cabine - tiny houses, small houses, cabins) developed abroad, and then move on to the proposal from the DKMK plant

Mini house trailer

This tiny house has a cute, rustic look and brings quite a few smiles to everyone's faces.

And this mini house was assembled by an American student from old spare parts and waste building materials from a landfill. However, the creation of this residential trailer with all the amenities and furniture with an area of about 16 square meters cost $12,000 (approximately 740,000 rubles at today's exchange rate).

Mini house with an area of 15 square meters

This house has only fifteen square meters of area, not counting the veranda, and in fact, there are only two rooms: a tiny toilet and a combined living room-kitchen-dining room-bedroom. Despite its modest size, it will be a comfortable home for a single person, a group of tourists or fishermen... provided that it is warm.

Such a house can also serve as housing for newlyweds - here is the same house in white.

Dwelle mini house concept

One of the most thoughtful mini-houses is presented by the architectural company Dwelle. It has been designed in several versions, from a very tiny cabin for one or two people measuring 3x6, to a quite comfortable large mini-house four meters wide and at least seven meters long.

This is what this wonderful mini house looks like, installed in the forest.

Purpose of a mini-house

The main advantage of a mini house is, first of all, the low price, and secondly, the compactness, comfort and convenience of the home. A mini house must have public amenities: electricity, cold and hot water, a toilet and the ability to wash. This distinguishes a mini house from a garden or country house.

As you understand, due to its very small size, any mini-house serves as housing either for one or two people for a long time, or for three or four, but only for a few days.

Thus, a mini house can serve as:

mini-house for permanent residence,
house for pensioners,
house of a young couple or students
country house
house for a recreation center, camp site,
guest House,
extension to the main house

Architectural solutions for mini houses

A typical solution for a mini house is not only horizontal, but also vertical zoning of the room. For example, on the second floor - in Russian speaking, polati - there is a sleeping area, and the dining-living room is located below.

Mini-houses for permanent residence from the DKMK plant

Firstly, minidom "Brigitta"- a house for 540 thousand in a dacha version easily becomes a home for permanent residence at a price of 695 thousand rubles. This cost includes a reliable foundation, installation of utilities throughout the house, and finishing of walls and ceilings with plasterboard and joint putty for wallpaper. And porcelain tiles on the floor in the bathroom. And installation of the shower cabin, sink and toilet chosen and purchased by you.

An analogue of Brigitte is the slightly more budget domilion "Eve"

Secondly, this is a Finnish house according to the Rowan project, 6x6 in size, with a usable area of more than 30 square meters and costing about 960 thousand rubles.

Layout of a mini house measuring 6x6 "Rowan"

Thirdly, you can choose the “Alice” house, measuring 6x6 on one floor, which costs about 1 million rubles for a usable area of 48 square meters! Just admit it honestly, is it possible to buy an apartment measuring 48 square meters in Yekaterinburg for one million rubles?

Layout of a frame mini house "Alice" on one floor with a veranda

Fourthly, you can choose the Nadezhda house, measuring 8x4 on one floor, which costs about 920,000 rubles for a usable area of 28 square meters plus a wonderful veranda!

Silence, isolation and comfort are the main reasons for the popular trend when families choose mini houses for year-round living. Typically, such buildings are erected in the suburbs or on private land in the city itself. This lifestyle has many advantages: closeness to nature, environmental friendliness, savings on utility bills (especially heating and electricity). Inexpensive to design, build and operate, mini houses have proven themselves well as temporary and permanent housing.

If you are interested in small houses for permanent residence, you can find a suitable standard project or order an individual one. The development of the latter usually takes longer, costs more, and requires attention in the selection and purchase of building materials. But the customer will receive exactly what he wanted, taking into account the slightest design wishes and planning solutions. Standard projects are good for their practicality, thoughtfulness, convenience and detailed cost estimate.

Types of houses by materials and purpose

The overall cost of the project and the comfort of living are primarily affected by the selected building material. The choice of materials for building a small house depends on the climate, aesthetic preferences of the owners, as well as financial capabilities. The most popular options among customers today are as follows:

a building made of sandwich panels attached to a frame made of metal or wood;
house made of boards;
miniature brick domilion;
residential structure made of foam blocks.

Temporary dwellings are distinguished according to their purpose - a hunting lodge, a winter house, a country house, a mobile small house on wheels, an extension to the main cottage.

House with frame structure

A simple frame house is characterized by a durable, well-fitted structure - wooden or metal. After installing the finished sandwich panels on the walls, the building is subject to insulation and external finishing, after which the home can be used. You can assemble a house on a frame basis on any soil, including unstable soil, with predominant silt and marshy soils.

The advantages of frame technology: speed of construction, work in any weather and temperature, unpretentiousness of the design to the initial conditions, stability of the finished frame house. The disadvantages are insufficient sound insulation, fire hazard when using wood.

The use of sandwich panels is dictated by the low cost of technology, speed of installation, good thermal insulation properties, and normal reaction to temperature changes. In order to be minimally dependent on weather conditions, sandwich panels with an anti-corrosion coating and a waterproofing shell are chosen.

House made of wooden beams

The healthiest microclimate will be provided by a house made of boards. This is an environmentally friendly material with high-quality air exchange that retains heat inside the building. Fans of natural wood value it for its visual beauty and durability, but it is necessary to understand that behind the external attractiveness of a wooden structure is regular maintenance: the wood is processed, the paint is periodically updated. You should also remember about the potential fire hazard of wood. The main building materials for walls and partitions are solid, glued or profiled timber, rounded logs, boards.

A hunting lodge made of wood in the forest, in close proximity to the hunting grounds, looks very harmonious. To build a hut right on the territory of a forest or protected area, be prepared to go through several authorities and fulfill a number of conditions in order to obtain permission. It is most profitable in terms of time and money to purchase a plot and to be built in a village next to a forest.

Brick or foam block?

Brick and foam blocks are well suited for constructing buildings with your own hands. The use of these materials assumes that the building will be heavy and require a solid foundation underneath. If we compare brick and foam concrete, brick walls will be lighter and more durable, but in order to avoid the formation of dampness in the room, you will need significant thickness of external walls. Porous concrete in the form of foam blocks is completely moisture-resistant, which is its main difference from bricks, and is also resistant to critically low temperatures. In terms of thermal protection, both materials showed positive results.

If, from your point of view, ideal construction should be inexpensive, give preference to a small house made of foam blocks or gas blocks (the second option is more suitable for periodic spending time - a summer house, a winter house). Be prepared for the fact that in terms of time, constructing a building from blocks significantly exceeds assembling the frame of a house.

About the construction of mini-houses: thinking through the details

When you decide on the material and purpose of the structure, we suggest collecting more information on how to build a small house. Let's start with thinking about the most important characteristics, which will determine the future technical specifications for the design.

How many floors, residential and auxiliary premises are expected?
Is there a need for a toilet, bathroom (shower, bath, sauna), catering unit, garage?
What will be the geometric shapes and dimensions of each room?
What architectural style is preferable, what volume-spatial solutions would you like to achieve as a result?
What the foundation will be made of, the type of supporting structure.
What systems need to be designed and installed - electricity, sewerage, water supply, air ventilation.
Is external finishing necessary (in the case of wooden huts, the natural appearance of logs or boards is often left)?

As for the interior design of a mini house, you should show real designer taste and approach: maximum functionality in a modest area, so that the space is comfortable for living and free from clutter. Plan in advance for the presence of niches, use the entire usable area, inclusive with space under stairs, give preference to laconic interior styles (Scandinavian, minimalism, eco-style).

How to assemble a house frame

Many craftsmen have learned from their own experience that they can build small frame houses with their own hands. Moreover, the development of the project and the purchase of materials will take even more time than the construction process itself (without laying out the foundation). So, we propose to consider step by step how the work of assembling the frame of a 6x8 m house is carried out.

The type of foundation - monolithic grillage, prefabricated concrete or shallow strip - selected taking into account the groundwater level, soil type and level of soil freezing, the weight of the future structure. The average weight of a small frame house is determined by the formula “perimeter multiplied by a factor of 1.7.” After pouring the foundation with concrete, you need to wait a week, inspect the surface for defects, and ensure waterproofing.
The lower piping is carried out along the foundation, along the entire perimeter. The bars must be pre-treated with an antiseptic. The strapping is fastened with a tongue-and-groove connection on 10 mm pins embedded in corner piles and corners at the pouring stage. The pins pass through holes in the wood and are secured with a nut.
Floor logs (boards 150x50 mm) are laid at a distance of 0.6 m. Next, the racks of the house frame are mounted. Every two holes, logs are secured to 26-centimeter dowels. An unedged board is laid as a rough version of the floor.
The floor bars are placed at the bottom, and the resulting squares filled with thermal insulation material(usually this is foam). A 150x40 mm planed board is laid tightly against the joists. Walls can only be erected after you have checked and ensured that the floor is horizontal.
Every half meter, racks are inserted into the grooves of the lower trim along the height of the ceiling. The top trim is attached to the posts with two nails. This way we get the frame of the house, which still needs to be strengthened with jibs (a pair at the top and bottom), and ceiling beams (50x15 mm). The location of windows and doors is arranged in accordance with the project.
What remains is the roof, which can be either single or gable in a mini house for year-round use. After installing the rafters, organize the installation of the sheathing (your choice is metal sheet, profiled sheet, slate, tile, ondulin).
Sheathing the frame and exterior finishing are the final stages of building a small house for permanent residence.

How much does it cost to build a small house

We'll tell you about an approximate budget if you are planning to build a popular frame structure. So, how much does it cost to build a small frame house? We recommend focusing on four price categories, in which we included the price of the foundation, doors, windows, engineering systems, interior decoration, however without construction costs. Considering the variability of the price tag for work in different regions of the country, calculate it in the range from 40 to 70% of the estimate for materials.

If you have a budget of up to 500 thousand rubles, as a result you can get a small frame house on one floor with an approximate area of up to 50 square meters. m. If saving resources is a priority, choose the most laconic forms, open layout, cheap (used) building materials, get by with a small pumping station and a dry toilet instead of a sewer system. For heating, design a small brick stove.
To invest up to a million rubles in your budget, consider options for frame house projects with an area of 50 to 70 square meters. m. It can be a square or rectangular building, a short length of communications, insulation in this category, usually made of basalt or stone wool. For exterior finishing, you can order imitation wood or cork. For heating it is advisable to consider installation of a gas heater or electric convector.
With an upper limit of one and a half million rubles, you can assemble a house from 85 to 110 square meters. m. The golden mean in the pricing policy of installing small houses for permanent residence, but you will have to balance in the choice of materials and technologies: plastic or wooden windows, eco- or mineral wool, or siding. When choosing expensive material, you will have to save on other elements of the home.
If you are ready to spend up to two and a half million rubles, the result, with a reasonable approach, will be a full-fledged frame of about 120 square meters. m, which can be considered as a mini home for year-round family living. The project can already include a reinforced layer of thermal insulation (up to 20 cm), high-quality energy-saving double-glazed windows, and bimetallic heating radiators. You can afford to decorate a small house with a terrace, mezzanine, balcony or bay window.