Equipment for curly cutting - a laser machine for wood. Laser cutting machine for plywood and wood: principle of operation, types and prices Which machine to choose: studying the varieties

Progress does not stand still, and today, thanks to new technologies, many products that could previously be made exclusively by hand can already be made by machines. This also applies to processes such as metal forging, stone or wood carving.

In this publication, we will consider in more detail 3D automatic CNC machines for woodcarving.

1 Why do you need a 3D automatic machine?

Do-it-yourself wood carving is a very long and laborious process. Therefore, the products of such labor cost a lot of money. A 3D automatic CNC machine does the same job many times faster, with virtually no loss in quality.

After the machine is running, you may need to process the product with your own hands, but the improvements will be very minor and will not take much time.

Thanks to 3D technology in production, carved interior elements became available to almost everyone since the replacement of manual labor by machine significantly reduced the cost of the finished product.

With the help of a 3D CNC milling machine for wood, you can make:

• carved furniture elements: byltsa, handrails, legs, etc.;
• carved elements of wooden stairs, arbors, roofs, fences, etc.;
• various baguettes, overlays, brackets;
• frames for pictures or icons;
• frames of watches and mirrors;
• carved statues and icons;
• other household items, interior, decor.

1.1 Benefits of 3D hardware

3D automatic machines are equipped with CNC (computer numerical control). Human participation is required only at the modeling stage. All you need to do with your own hands is to sit down at the computer, run a special program which, as a rule, comes with the unit and make a 3d model of the future product.

After that, a memory card with a 3D model is inserted into the port of the machine. The rest of the work regarding wood carving, the machine performs without the participation of the operator. At the end of the machine transferring the model to the workpiece, it must be carefully studied and, if necessary, polished with your own hands.

3D automatic machines, like any equipment, are domestic and industrial. Household units have relatively small dimensions and weight, less functionality and are used for processing small workpieces. The possibilities of industrial units are almost limitless.

Household units can weigh several centners, while industrial 3D automatic machines weigh up to 100 tons.

Application of 3D CNC equipment has the following advantages:

1. The speed of the machine is many times greater than do-it-yourself woodcarving.
2. 3D automatic CNC machines are indispensable in the mass production of carved wooden elements. By hand, it is practically impossible to achieve the absolute identity of the carved pattern, say, on four legs of one chair, not to mention if several chairs need to be made. A CNC machine can “stamp” a given model almost indefinitely, until the operator changes the task for him. And it will be almost impossible to find differences between the details.
3. 3D automatic wood carving machines can easily process plastics and soft metals as well. However, if you want the machine to last longer, set the minimum speed and chip size when machining harder materials.
4. By saving time and labor resources, the cost of finished products is significantly reduced compared to hand-made carved elements.

There are practically no significant shortcomings in this unit.

But there are nuances that cannot be ignored:

1. The rather high cost of the 3D CNC machine for wood carving. However, if you take this work seriously, then the unit pays for itself very quickly.
2. You have to do the grinding of the finished product after the machine thread with your own hands. Machine grinding can clog the threads and render the part unusable. But this requires much less time and effort than doing the whole process of woodcarving with your own hands.
3. Cheaper 3-axis CNC units leave blind marks on the product, which you have to cut with your own hands. 3D automatic machines with a 4.5 axis machine all sides of the part, but their price is many times more expensive.

2 Types of 3D machines

3D automatic CNC carving machines are very complex equipment. In addition to the usual mechanical components, it is equipped with an electronic unit, which, by the way, is better not to touch it once again without a specialist. That's why there will be several classifications of equipment.

2.1 Level of versatility

• special. This equipment is designed for narrow profile work. For example, they can cut only figurines, or only frames, or the same legs for chairs. They are used, as a rule, in the serial production of the same type of products;
• specialized. They do not differ much from the first type, but they can work with different more or less the same type of products;
• universal. Designed for woodcarving in the production of any products that do not exceed the technical capabilities of the unit in size.

2.2 Degree of accuracy

All 3D automatic CNC carving machines are marked with letter combinations indicating the accuracy of the carving relative to the layout. The marking begins with the letter "H" - normal and ends with the letters "UP" - ultra-precision.

The process of woodcarving does not require extra precision. Therefore, in woodworking shops, as a rule, they use machines "N" - normal or "P" - increased accuracy. More precise equipment is needed only for the production of parts of complex mechanisms, when a deviation of hundredths of a millimeter is of great importance.

2.3 Processing method

According to the processing method, machines can be divided into two types:

• with moving table. Of course, this is possible only in household models that work with small workpieces;
• with a moving module with a cutter. These machines are much more common. and have higher functionality.

2.4 How it works

As mentioned earlier, to work on 3D CNC units, the skills of not a milling machine, but a computer engineer are required, since you practically don’t have to work with wood with your own hands.

The machine operator must create a layout of the future part and draw the trajectory of the cutter, its speed, chip thickness, type of cut, etc.

To program the machine, the operator will need two computer programs.

One of them should create a model of the product, the other, based on the model, draw the trajectory of the cutter and other technical points:

1. In the CAD program for 3D modeling, a three-dimensional model of the product is created.
2. The model is transferred to a technical program, such as Artkam, where the trajectory of the cutter will be drawn. The operator must be able to break the whole model into separate trajectories.
3. Next, you need to set all the technical parameters: the depth of cut, the speed of movement, the thickness of the chips, the height of the cutting tool, so that it does not cling to the workpiece when moving to a new point, etc.
4. After the operator has set all the parameters with his own hands, it is worth visualizing the process. At this stage, you can see by the movement of the cutter on the monitor whether everything is set correctly.
5. We save all the parameters and the program issues a G-code, which must be loaded into the machine itself.
6. We fix the workpiece on the working surface.
7. We check the readiness of the machine for work, run it and watch the process. The intervention of the operator in the very work of the machine on the workpiece is not required.
8. After the unit has finished executing the program code, the workpiece must be removed from the working surface and carefully examined. If the machine has left free zones, they must be cut manually.
9. The finished product must be sanded by hand so as not to damage the relief.
10. After that, you can send the workpiece for painting and varnishing.

Thus, 3D automatic CNC machines can turn wood carving hobby into a serious profitable business.

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Laser processing machines

INTERLASER presents a huge range of machine tools manufactured at a large factory in China by order of the Company. laser machine is intended for processing any non-metallic surfaces (wood, veneer, plywood, cardboard, natural and artificial fabrics, granite, rubber, leather, plexiglass, fiberboard, acrylic, etc.).
laser engraving machine processes the surface of the material using a laser beam generated in the tube, with a power of 40 W to 80 W (in the basic configuration / depending on the model of the laser machine). At the choice of the Client, we can replace the handset with a more powerful one (up to 130 W) compared to the basic configuration, on most models.

Availability price: 450,000 rubles.

Models of the FlatBed-QX1320 machine from the line of wide-format equipment designed for cutting and cutting sheet materials. The machines are equipped with a strong welded frame, designed for large inertial and vibrational loads, and an aluminum table (working field). The design of the table allows you to process materials of unlimited length, for example, rolls, by pulling them along the Y axis.

Availability price: 285 000 rubles. / under the order: 285 000 rub.

Availability price: 350,000 rubles. / under the order: 350 000 rubles.

It differs from the previous model in the dimensions of the working field, the power of the tube as standard and the maximum cutting depth. Rabbit SC series machines are designed for cutting, cutting and engraving any non-metallic materials. Can be disassembled for ease of transportation.

Availability price: 230,000 rubles. / under the order: 230 000 rub.

King Rabbit, together with Russian specialists, has developed a new model of a laser machine. The size of the working field is 600x900 mm, with an installed laser tube with a power of 80W, the service life of which is 6,000 hours.

Availability price: 319 000 rubles. / under the order: 319 000 rubles.

King Rabbit, together with Russian specialists, has developed a new model of a laser machine. The size of the working field is 1300x900 mm, with an installed laser tube with a power of 80W, the service life of which is 6,000 hours.

Availability price: 380 000 rubles. / under the order: 380 000 rub.

Availability price: 281 000 rubles. / under the order: 244 000 rubles.

Availability price: 282 000 rubles. / under the order: 245 000 rubles.

Under the order: 251 000 rubles.

Availability price: 864 000 rubles. / under the order: 749 000 rubles.

Not available

Availability price: 332,000 rubles. / under the order: 288 000 rub.

Rabbit 4060SE are distinguished by their compact size and high quality material processing. Their particular advantage is a wide range of lifting/lowering of the working field (up to 340 mm), which allows processing high and bulky workpieces. These engravers are designed for cutting and engraving any non-metallic materials (including plastics, fabrics, wood and its derivatives, plexiglass, etc.).

Availability price: 347,000 rubles. / under the order: 301 000 rubles.

Availability price: 429 000 rubles. / under the order: 372 000 rubles.

Availability price: 578 000 rubles. / under the order: 501 000 rubles.

The main distinguishing feature of the SG series equipment is the presence of two laser heads and two tubes in the basic configuration, which provides the possibility of parallel processing of two samples (parts) at the same time, halving the production process. Machines of this series are also designed for cutting, cutting and engraving of any non-metallic materials. Equipped with an automated control system and high precision in the manufacture of products.

Price from stock: 687 000 rubles. / under the order: 596 000 rubles.

Equipment for cutting and cutting various types of materials (sheet plastics, leather, fabric, plywood, wood, etc.), as well as for engraving (high quality images). The main distinguishing feature of the SG series machines is the presence of two laser heads and two tubes in the basic configuration, which provides the possibility of parallel processing of two samples (parts) at the same time, halving the production process. Equipped with an automated control system and high precision in the manufacture of products.

Price from stock: 586 000 rubles. / under the order: 507 000 rubles.

A feature of this model of a laser machine is the function of optical recognition of an object image through a built-in digital camera. The machine is designed for cutting out objects depicted on the material along given contours, with high speed and accuracy (in-line production of nameplates, appliqués, etc.). In addition, the advantage of this model is the ability to use the machine for standard work that does not require optical recognition of objects, in particular, for laser cutting, cutting and engraving materials along vector contours.

Availability price: 726 000 rubles. / under the order: 630 000 rubles.

Laser engraving models FlatBed-1220 open a line of large-format equipment designed for cutting and cutting sheet materials. The machines are equipped with a strong welded frame, designed for large inertial and vibrational loads, and an aluminum table (working field). The design of the table allows you to process materials of unlimited length, for example, rolls, by pulling them along the Y axis.

Price from stock: 906 000 rubles. / under the order: 786 000 rubles.

Laser engraving models FlatBed-1525 are the second in the size range of wide-format machines designed for cutting and cutting sheet materials (plastics, plywood, fiberboard, plexiglass, acrylic, etc.). The machines are equipped with a linear aluminum table. The powerful laser tube allows you to cut through acrylic up to 25 mm thick in one pass of the laser beam. The machines can be retrofitted with a second laser head.

Under the order: 1 275 000 rubles.

Laser engraving models FlatBed-1525 with a conveyor table, designed for cutting and cutting rolled sheet materials (fabrics, plastics, non-woven materials, fiberglass, paper, cardboard, etc.). The machines are equipped with an automatic conveyor table. The powerful laser tube allows you to cut through the material in one pass of the laser beam at high speed. The machines can be retrofitted with a second laser head.

Availability price: 938 000 rub. / under the order: 813 000 rubles.

Laser engraving models FlatBed-1626 are the next in the size range of wide-format machines designed for cutting and cutting sheet materials (plastics, plywood, fiberboard, plexiglass, acrylic, etc.). Designed for cutting, high-precision cutting and engraving of large materials. The machines are equipped with a linear aluminum table. The powerful laser tube allows you to cut through acrylic up to 25 mm thick in one pass of the laser beam. The machines can be retrofitted with a second laser head.

Availability price: 1,187,000 rubles / under the order: 1 029 000 rubles.

Laser engraving models FlatBed-2030 - close the line of large-format laser machines designed for cutting and cutting sheet materials (plastics, plywood, fiberboard, plexiglass, acrylic, etc.). Designed for cutting, high-precision cutting and engraving of large materials. The machines are equipped with a linear aluminum table. The powerful laser tube allows you to cut through acrylic up to 25 mm thick in one pass of the laser beam. The machines can be retrofitted with a second laser head.

Under the order: 1 470 000 rubles.

Laser engraving models FlatBed-2030 with a conveyor table, designed for cutting and cutting rolled sheet materials (fabrics, plastics, non-woven materials, fiberglass, paper, cardboard, etc.). The machines are equipped with an automatic conveyor table. The powerful laser tube allows you to cut through the material in one pass of the laser beam at high speed. The machines can be retrofitted with a second laser head.

Availability price: 320 000 rubles. / under the order: 278 000 rub.

Availability price: 368 000 rubles. / under the order: 319 000 rubles.

Rabbit Stone laser engraving series are designed for processing stone slabs (granite, marble), as well as other non-metallic materials of great thickness. If it is necessary to engrave on a stone (applying images of any complexity), the accuracy of transferring the pattern with a laser beam is 100%, despite the fact that the minimum size of a symbol (image detail) is at least 1.5x1.5 mm. Rabbit Stone laser engraving series are compact and easy to transport and operate. The advantage of laser engravers for stone is the absence of a working field (lower part of the machine), which allows you to place the machine (install from above) directly on the material being processed.

Under the order: 323 890 rubles.

Engravers Rabbit 4060SE are compact in size and high quality processing. Their particular advantage is a wide range of lifting/lowering of the working field (up to 340 mm), which allows processing high and bulky workpieces. These engravers are designed for cutting and engraving any non-metallic materials (including plastics, fabrics, wood and its derivatives, plexiglass, etc.).

1. Principle of operation
2. Possibilities
3. Manufacturers and service

The industry responds to consumer requests and offers many options for functional equipment for processing and cutting different materials: wood, metals. Moreover, the devices often combine many necessary and not very functions that save space by combining several machines into one. Modern woodworking shops are now almost always armed with a machine for laser cutting plywood and wood.

Principle of operation

The main working tool of the apparatus is a laser, a beam of high power light. When directed to a wooden product, the contact area is very hot and the fibers of the material simply burn out. Thus, non-contact laser carving takes place. For different models, the beam power may fluctuate. The scope of the device depends on this parameter:

• Low power laser machines are used for woodworking;
• More intense radiation is used to cut harder materials - metals, natural and artificial stones.

Advantages of this processing method:

1. The edges are perfectly smooth, do not require additional processing;
2. It is possible to process products of any size and shape;
3. The devices are simple in manual and automatic control;
4. Precise work down to small details and strokes.

The disadvantage of laser cutting and wood engraving is that the processing sites remain scorched, dark brown and black. For a natural material of a natural shade, this is not critical, often manufacturers do not process the ends because of their finished appearance, combined with the main background. Another nuance not in favor of the equipment is its high cost, although it depends on the configuration, functionality, size and power of the machine.

Possibilities

What can be done using a laser machine:

Depending on the filling of the equipment, the functions are present in different quantities, which, accordingly, is reflected in the cost.

Which machine to choose: we study the varieties

Laser cutting machines are divided into varieties according to several principles.

By functional load:

1. The laser engraving machine produces a weak beam of light, which is enough for engraving and burning. With an increase in the wavelength, the installation can cut a plywood sheet.
2. A laser-cutting machine for cutting plywood with an increased power of a light beam can cut wood, create grooves on products. Often with its help, you can engrave by simply setting the laser to this function.

By type of management:

1. Manual woodworking machine is the cheapest and easiest to use. With its help, unique products of their kind are created.
2. CNC significantly increases the cost of equipment, but also improves the quality of manufacturing absolutely accurate patterns and shapes. It is enough to set the program and the machine will do everything by itself. For the most part, such installations include both methods of control.

Power and size:

1. The laser engraving desktop device with low power up to 80 W is compact, it can be placed in a small workshop or at home. The installation is suitable for creating small souvenirs, the machine can engrave and cut thin plywood.
2. The professional laser engraving and cutting machine produces 80-195W of power. It has increased dimensions and is used in the woodworking and furniture industry for the production of serial products and cutting out precise parts. The cost of such a device starts from 150 thousand rubles.
3. Industrial wood laser cutting machine can cut, sharpen, engrave and much more. It has an impressive size and serves in large workshops for woodworking.

Manufacturers pack equipment with features that drive up installation costs and replace the use of additional tools that make processing easier:

• Chiller - a device for cooling the laser tube. It is necessary for prolonged operation of the machine to normalize the temperature of the working parts of the equipment. It works on the principle of a secondary shell with circulating water connected to a pump. If the machine is not equipped with such a device, it is bought separately. Cost from 30 thousand rubles.
• The torch and engraver blower system is needed to reduce the temperature of the cut and burn in order to avoid excessive charring of the seam. In addition, dust and debris are constantly blown away from the workplace, which increases the comfort of work and the quality of production.

The choice of a laser machine is determined by the needs for its power and functionality. For large-scale production, it is not advisable to purchase a small desktop unit, as well as to install a professional or industrial unit for a home.

There are universal installations that can work with metal, wood, PVC and perform various operations: engraving, cutting, milling. The cost of such installations is high and it is advisable to purchase them only for large-scale production.

We present a table with three popular models of machine tools of different configurations and capacities:

As you can see, increasing the laser power for a machine tool affects the cost of equipment and its functionality. Manufacturers offer modifications of similar units with a different set of functions, the price and quality of products may differ significantly from those presented.

Manufacturers and service

Engraving machines for laser cutting of wood and processing of products are offered by manufacturers from different countries: Russia, Japan, European countries. It cannot be said that they differ significantly from each other, but representatives have their own characteristics.

A prominent representative of Russian developers is NPF "Lasers and Equipment", Zelenograd. The company produces machines of different functionality, the products are relatively affordable.

The Japanese brands Koike and Mazak manufacture equipment that is easy to operate both manually and automatically.

European brands Trumpf, ESAB, Bystronic provide the most diverse equipment with a long service life. Installations are designed for processing wood, metals, acrylic and other materials, both specialized and universal.

Reliable manufacturers give a guarantee for their products. High-quality devices serve without interruption for years, the alignment of the laser device is rarely performed if necessary.

High-precision processing of wood surfaces for assembly or decorative purposes is realized only with the help of specialized equipment. Today, machines for cutting and engraving operations are presented in a wide range. Moreover, these are not only units operating on the principles of traditional mechanical and thermal effects, but also high-tech laser technology. In addition, manufacturers endow the equipment with the latest software control and management functions that facilitate the tasks of the operator. At the same time, a wood laser machine differs from similar mechanical units in high cost, so its choice should be approached with more responsibility.

Where is the wood laser machine used?

Mostly such equipment is used for decorative design of wood surfaces. It is achieved through two main operations - cutting and engraving. For this, different capacities can be used, and, accordingly, each machine will provide certain processing capabilities. The machines are used by home craftsmen at an amateur level, and by professional operators on production lines. For example, a wood laser machine is used in the furniture industry to apply artistic patterns to surfaces. In this case, the possibility of in-line work is assumed, therefore, the machines have high productivity. At home and in small workshops, users are guided by piece production - as a rule, releasing author's products.

Types of machines

The main feature of the separation of machines of this type is the power potential, which is also reflected in the design. Compact devices usually have a power of no more than 80 watts. Such models are suitable for use in small businesses, in the manufacture of the same piece of author's souvenirs and for amateur work. The middle class represents more productive installations, the power potential of which can reach 200 watts. Such models can already be used in production lines in small woodworking and furniture processing factories. And the most powerful laser machine belongs to the industrial field of application. Conveyors of large factory enterprises are supplied with such equipment. Again, they are characterized not only by increased power, but also by a design that often allows them to be integrated into workshops through building installation.

Functional

Modern laser machines are distinguished by a wide range of optional features - this is one of the main areas, working on which, developers are striving to attract an increasing number of customers. In particular, for professional machine tools, it has long been mandatory to have a cooling system. This function is responsible for the timely repayment of the temperature of the working body, which increases the reliability of the installation. An electric nozzle drive is also becoming an increasingly common technical element that is equipped with wood laser machines. The capabilities of models with such equipment are increased due to more accurate positioning and overall control of the working component. In more advanced devices, laser focusing is also provided.

Features of CNC Models

A separate category is represented by units with the ability to program the workflow, which is implemented automatically. The presence of the system practically saves the user from performing mechanical operations. However, in some machines, operators can still be assigned indirect and auxiliary actions. One way or another, a CNC wood laser machine provides extensive opportunities in terms of workflow control. Typically, such models are interfaced with computer stations and controllers. This makes it possible to develop tasks for the machine in a graphical computer form without the use of special physical settings for various processing parameters. On the basis of the programmed program, the equipment independently calibrates the working bodies for the performance of specific tasks.

How to make a laser machine for wood with your own hands?

You can independently make a compact device that, in a small area, will perform the function of an automated engraver. This will require materials for the body of the device, a controller, work equipment that provides movement of the laser device, and auxiliary systems responsible for power and cooling. The complexity of this task is due to the fact that it is impossible to purchase a wide range of components on the conventional radio market. For example, a programmable controller with cutters is most often purchased from Chinese online stores. In practice, it is possible to make a laser machine for woodcarving only if you have the appropriate knowledge of electronics - at least you should have a wiring diagram for the components on hand. However, this will not be difficult if you set the goal of manufacturing a hand-held engraver of modest power without an automatic positioning system.

Machine operation

Work begins with connecting the equipment to a power source and preparing the material. Depending on the type of machine, the processing process will be controlled either automatically or manually. In the first case, the initial loading of the final model in computer form will be required. Also, devices of this type often provide for mechanical adjustment of equipment for specific characteristics of the operation. Without automation, a wood laser machine is controlled manually. The initial parameters of the workflow are also set, after which direct cutting or engraving is performed.

Conclusion

Finding a truly high-quality and reliable laser machine on the market is not easy. The segment is represented mainly by Chinese manufacturers, a considerable part of which assembles equipment in artisanal conditions. And this is not to mention the rather average quality of the components themselves. But there are also conscientious companies in whose families you can find quite a worthy laser woodcutting machine for any need. Such models, in particular, are produced by Wattsan micro, KAMACH and RABBIT. Another thing is that the cost of this product is high. Even small in size and modest in power devices cost at least 100 thousand rubles.

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Passe-partout is cardboard that is placed between the image and the frame, firstly, to create an additional artistic color effect, and secondly, to physically separate the work from the glass in order to avoid damage. The Videka company offers you a wide range of equipment needed for working with mats - from manual cutters for mats to automated machines for cutting mats.

Passe-partout tools

Cutting a passe-partout is a responsible process. The difference, not only half a millimeter, but sometimes even tenths of a millimeter, can disrupt the overall proportions of the work and destroy the artistic concept. What can we say about work in large workshops - after all, there you have to do dozens, or even hundreds a day, and all of them must be done with high accuracy. In addition, mass production involves the creation of many absolutely identical mats. To facilitate the work of the carver, many devices have been created. Depending on the scale of work, this may be:

1. Handmade passe-partout knife. It is a small device with a blade and a ruler, used mainly at home, as well as in small framing workshops.
2. Passe-partout cutting machine. Such a passe-partout tool is used in large workshops, as well as in mass production, as it allows you to easily and in a short time get a large number of identical passe-partouts. The passe-partout machine is a desktop on which guides with divisions printed on them are fixed, with the help of which the cutting angle of the passe-partout is set, as well as a cutter. At the same time, many models of such machines can also be used as glass cutting machines, since the cutter is replaceable and can be replaced with a similar one for other materials.

Machines are:

1. Professional.
2. Semi-professional.

They are also divided into:

1. Horizontal. In such machines, the working surface is located horizontally, designed to be placed on a table or other horizontal surface.
2. Vertical. In such machines, the working surface is located vertically, the machine resembles a drawing easel.

In addition to the cutters and glass machines themselves, in our catalog you will find all the necessary accessories and consumables for them:

1. replaceable blades for machine tools;
2. rubber mats for cutting passe-partout with markings;
3. templates for cutting polygonal passe-partout,

and other.

Why are we

The company "Videka" offers you products designed for cutting mats, and guarantees its customers the following benefits.